The Lesser Key of Solomon, also known as Clavicula Salomonis Regis or Lemegeton, is an anonymous grimoire (or spell book) on demonology. It was compiled in the mid-17th century, mostly from materials a couple of centuries older. It is divided into five books—the Ars Goetia, Ars Theurgia-Goetia, Ars Paulina, Ars Almadel, and Ars Notoria.798Please respect copyright.PENANA7BQFkBkT1R
Ars Goetia798Please respect copyright.PENANASiYuei8N0J
The most obvious source for the Ars Goetia is Johann Weyer's Pseudomonarchia Daemonum in his De praestigiis daemonum. Weyer does not cite, and is unaware of, any other books in the Lemegeton, indicating that the Lemegeton was derived from his work, not the other way around. The order of the spirits was changed between the two, four additional spirits were added to the later work, and one spirit (Pruflas) was omitted. The omission of Pruflas, a mistake that also occurs in an edition of Pseudomonarchia Daemonum cited in Reginald Scot's The Discoverie of Witchcraft, indicates that the Ars Goetia could not have been compiled before 1570. Indeed, it appears that the Ars Goetia is more dependent upon Scot's translation of Weyer than Weyer's work in itself. Additionally, some material was used from Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa's Three Books of Occult Philosophy, the Heptameron by pseudo-Pietro d'Abano, and the Magical Calendar.
Weyer's Officium Spirituum, which is likely related to a 1583 manuscript titled The Office of Spirits, appears to have ultimately been an elaboration on a 15th-century manuscript titled Le Livre des Esperitz (of which 30 of its 47 spirits are nearly identical to spirits in the Ars Goetia).
In a slightly later copy made by Thomas Rudd, this portion was labelled "Liber Malorum Spirituum seu Goetia", and the seals and demons were paired with those of the 72 angels of the Shemhamphorasch, who were intended to protect the conjurer and control the demons he summoned. The angelic names and seals were derived from a manuscript by Blaise de Vigenère, whose papers were also used by Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers in his works for the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn. Rudd may have derived his copy of Liber Malorum Spirituum from a now-lost work by Johannes Trithemius, who taught Agrippa, who in turn taught Weyer.
This portion of the work was later translated by S. L. MacGregor Mathers and published by Aleister Crowley under the title The Book of the Goetia of Solomon the King. Crowley added some additional invocations previously unrelated to the original work, as well as essays describing the rituals as psychological exploration instead of demon summoning.798Please respect copyright.PENANAxEZIG4GI93
The Seventy-Two Demons
The demons' names (given below) are taken from the Ars Goetia, which differs in terms of number and ranking from the Pseudomonarchia Daemonum of Weyer. As a result of multiple translations, there are multiple spellings for some of the names, which are given in the articles concerning them.
1) King Bael798Please respect copyright.PENANA8iF3bs6vY6
2) Duke Agares798Please respect copyright.PENANAr1Cczmxf84
3) Prince Vassago798Please respect copyright.PENANA85Yweu2Eb1
4) Marquis Samigina798Please respect copyright.PENANALy6NDYyeB0
5) President Marbas798Please respect copyright.PENANAtgAqkciJKY
6) Duke Valefor798Please respect copyright.PENANAQPIsFgmqga
7) Marquis Amon798Please respect copyright.PENANAHE8TXlK1Oz
8) Duke Barbatos798Please respect copyright.PENANAwMQGNz8POC
9) King Paimon798Please respect copyright.PENANAp8m8fP6Ar0
10) President Buer798Please respect copyright.PENANAPreHPgongn
11) Duke Gusion798Please respect copyright.PENANAW8mOrxTiYg
12) Prince Sitri798Please respect copyright.PENANApiE85r1hk3
13) King Beleth798Please respect copyright.PENANAyU9XWbwyOf
14) Marquis Leraje798Please respect copyright.PENANAsg5Hf9yCd4
15) Duke Eligos798Please respect copyright.PENANAA6OnxRxBMJ
16) Duke Zepar798Please respect copyright.PENANA85dzwT2hO6
17) Count/President Botis798Please respect copyright.PENANAmH7tHDCcrx
18) Duke Bathin798Please respect copyright.PENANAvCAcu90Sxd
19) Duke Sallos798Please respect copyright.PENANAEsoI6UbSv2
20) King Purson798Please respect copyright.PENANA7PYGJmmvI1
21) Count/President Marax798Please respect copyright.PENANAZrchQfSNe3
22) Count/Prince Ipos798Please respect copyright.PENANA49dYAJUGpP
23) Duke Aim798Please respect copyright.PENANAYtm530W7uH
24) Marquis Naberius798Please respect copyright.PENANArMRxsmYHbb
25) Count/President Glasya-Labolas798Please respect copyright.PENANA3i5VgKPQQl
26) Duke Buné798Please respect copyright.PENANAgaFTzRzOu9
27) Marquis/Count Ronové798Please respect copyright.PENANAEhI1QGNz7c
28) Duke Berith798Please respect copyright.PENANAcnXYVD8lVu
29) Duke Astaroth798Please respect copyright.PENANAFLWQGjPgfP
30) Marquis Forneus798Please respect copyright.PENANAjcNN3PHClw
31) President Foras798Please respect copyright.PENANADRe3lYMYcj
32) King Asmoday798Please respect copyright.PENANABtmry0pisg
33) Prince/President Gäap798Please respect copyright.PENANAtsNvEtbvRU
34) Count Furfur798Please respect copyright.PENANA5zq0OctJwJ
35) Marquis Marchosias798Please respect copyright.PENANAhMpnfNj9zA
36) Prince Stolas798Please respect copyright.PENANAdGIgNG8NZc
37) Marquis Phenex798Please respect copyright.PENANADgd60RVZwb
38) Count Halphas798Please respect copyright.PENANA3lDeie1iZS
39) President Malphas798Please respect copyright.PENANAendR4h3OMA
40) Count Räum798Please respect copyright.PENANAFBwhKiJwkq
41) Duke Focalor798Please respect copyright.PENANAwayEb095r8
42) Duke Vepar798Please respect copyright.PENANAYQbywmjgaN
43) Marquis Sabnock798Please respect copyright.PENANAJRvaUaOpCM
44) Marquis Shax798Please respect copyright.PENANAweVDxANdpj
45) King/Count Viné798Please respect copyright.PENANAQNECVLX5hT
46) Count Bifrons798Please respect copyright.PENANA4PNZbCnmAv
47) Duke Vual798Please respect copyright.PENANATyrODvu1lq
48) President Haagenti798Please respect copyright.PENANAF0M6mpsKAx
49) Duke Crocell798Please respect copyright.PENANAHCTY2Vn6jQ
50) Knight Furcas798Please respect copyright.PENANAqTVBxjGUhD
51) King Balam798Please respect copyright.PENANABH5l0MYWqM
52) Duke Alloces798Please respect copyright.PENANA2x4DsYLcfC
53) President Caim798Please respect copyright.PENANA9nTMo6fdBQ
54) Duke/Count Murmur798Please respect copyright.PENANAr7kTrcAzvr
55) Prince Orobas798Please respect copyright.PENANAsmxZqraZ6O
56) Duke Gremory798Please respect copyright.PENANAucebRkGW2v
57) President Ose798Please respect copyright.PENANATN1XQrvctq
58) President Amy798Please respect copyright.PENANAyTosh2XywH
59) Marquis Orias798Please respect copyright.PENANAA3O2OJFuxy
60) Duke Vapula798Please respect copyright.PENANAV7mfmTykQp
61) King/President Zagan798Please respect copyright.PENANAFcNxVrGw9g
62) President Valac798Please respect copyright.PENANACxrSMAW0FO
63) Marquis Andras798Please respect copyright.PENANALCFkCm1BIy
64) Duke Flauros798Please respect copyright.PENANAcGSjJzEmoi
65) Marquis Andrealphus798Please respect copyright.PENANAZ670P0w1ld
66) Marquis Kimaris798Please respect copyright.PENANAv47pVaqLcB
67) Duke Amdusias798Please respect copyright.PENANAKRKM2sUsUI
68) King Belial798Please respect copyright.PENANAyngqcBKwRH
69) Marquis Decarabia798Please respect copyright.PENANAkz9yn7AkAu
70) Prince Seere798Please respect copyright.PENANA7l5nlk18fc
71) Duke Dantalion798Please respect copyright.PENANAwRv2x3Q1ue
72) Count Andromalius
The demons are described as being commanded by four kings of the cardinal directions: Amaymon (East), Corson (West), Ziminiar (North), and Gaap (South). A footnote in one variant edition instead lists them as Oriens or Uriens, Paymon or Paymonia, Ariton or Egyn, and Amaymon or Amaimon, alternatively known as Samael, Azazel, Azael, and Mahazael (purportedly their preferred rabbinic names).[10] Agrippa's Occult Philosophy lists the kings of the cardinal directions as Urieus (East), Amaymon (South), Paymon (West), and Egin (North); again providing the alternate names Samuel (i.e. Samael), Azazel, Azael, and Mahazuel. The Magical Calendar lists them as Bael, Moymon, Poymon, and Egin, though Peterson notes that some variant editions instead list '"Asmodel in the East, Amaymon in the South, Paymon in the West, and Aegym in the North"; "Oriens, Paymon, Egyn, and Amaymon"; or "Amodeo [sic] (king of the East), Paymon (king of the West), Egion (king of the North), and Maimon."798Please respect copyright.PENANA2aUeEmvjCO
Ars Theurgia Goetia798Please respect copyright.PENANAOtaMS1zIj0
The Ars Theurgia Goetia mostly derives from Trithemius's Steganographia, though the seals and order for the spirits are different due to corrupted transmission via manuscript. Rituals not found in Steganographia were added, in some ways conflicting with similar rituals found in the Ars Goetia and Ars Paulina. Most of the spirits summoned are tied to points on a compass, four Emperors tied to the cardinal points (Carnesiel in the East, Amenadiel in the West, Demoriel in the North and Caspiel in the South), sixteen Dukes tied to cardinal points, inter-cardinal points, additional directions between those. There are an additional eleven Wandering Princes, totaling thirty one spirit leaders who each rule several to a few dozen spirits.798Please respect copyright.PENANAdylJA3NfWA
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Ars Paulina798Please respect copyright.PENANA0wYTReFfbY
Derived from book two of Trithemius's Steganographia and from portions of the Heptameron, but purportedly delivered by Paul the Apostle instead of (as claimed by Trithemius) Raziel. Elements from The Magical Calendar, astrological seals by Robert Turner's 1656 translation of Paracelsus's Archidoxes of Magic, and repeated mentions of guns and the year 1641 indicate that this portion was written in the later half of the seventeenth century. Traditions of Paul communicating with heavenly powers are almost as old as Christianity itself, as seen in some interpretations of 2 Corinthians 12:2-4 and the apocryphal Apocalypse of Paul. The Ars Paulina is in turn divided into two books, the first detailing twenty-four angels aligned with the twenty-four hours of the day, the second (derived more from the Heptameron) detailing the 360 spirits of the degrees of the zodiac.798Please respect copyright.PENANAwq6SS8AZ8e
Ars Almadel798Please respect copyright.PENANAfjZfa5CMNw
Mentioned by Trithemius and Weyer, the latter of whom claimed an Arabic origin for the work. A 15th-century copy is attested to by Robert Turner, and Hebrew copies were discovered in the 20th century. The Ars Almadel instructs the magician on how to create a wax tablet with specific designs intended to contact angels via scrying.798Please respect copyright.PENANAvx6SQPQvix
Ars Notoria798Please respect copyright.PENANAbBeucWdJ7S
The oldest known portion of the Lemegeton, the Ars Notoria (or Notory Art) was first mentioned by Michael Scot in 1236 (and thus was written earlier). The Ars Notoria contains a series of prayers (related to those in The Sworn Book of Honorius) intended to grant eidetic memory and instantaneous learning to the magician. Some copies and editions of the Lemegeton omit this work entirely; A. E. Waite ignores it completely when describing the Lemegeton. It is also known as the Ars Nova.798Please respect copyright.PENANAHnFtX6c2sw
798Please respect copyright.PENANAs6WPxPCg1I
It has also been said to be the origin of Pandora's box and where the seven deadly sins were born.
1 Gula (gluttony)798Please respect copyright.PENANA5GTrFZObFy
2 Luxuria (lust, fornication)798Please respect copyright.PENANAIMbTpHhnIR
3 Avaritia (avarice/greed)798Please respect copyright.PENANAQA4lKZrme4
4 Superbia (pride, hubris)798Please respect copyright.PENANAVftgeL15sx
5 Invidia (Envy)798Please respect copyright.PENANAcTyC9trW7b
6 Ira (wrath)798Please respect copyright.PENANAX7wUGOFVN0
7 Acedia (sloth)798Please respect copyright.PENANAamVhyZGloc
If you look any further into it, beware your surrounding... You will uncover, the truth.
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