Disease through illness - Non-Fiction information about the Lesser Key of Solomon

The Lesser Key of Solomon, also known as Clavicula Salomonis Regis or Lemegeton, is an anonymous grimoire (or spell book) on demonology. It was compiled in the mid-17th century, mostly from materials a couple of centuries older. It is divided into five books—the Ars Goetia, Ars Theurgia-Goetia, Ars Paulina, Ars Almadel, and Ars Notoria.1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkR6TIoWuRq

Ars Goetia1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqU7cWIiO4X
The most obvious source for the Ars Goetia is Johann Weyer's Pseudomonarchia Daemonum in his De praestigiis daemonum. Weyer does not cite, and is unaware of, any other books in the Lemegeton, indicating that the Lemegeton was derived from his work, not the other way around. The order of the spirits was changed between the two, four additional spirits were added to the later work, and one spirit (Pruflas) was omitted. The omission of Pruflas, a mistake that also occurs in an edition of Pseudomonarchia Daemonum cited in Reginald Scot's The Discoverie of Witchcraft, indicates that the Ars Goetia could not have been compiled before 1570. Indeed, it appears that the Ars Goetia is more dependent upon Scot's translation of Weyer than Weyer's work in itself. Additionally, some material was used from Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa's Three Books of Occult Philosophy, the Heptameron by pseudo-Pietro d'Abano, and the Magical Calendar.

Weyer's Officium Spirituum, which is likely related to a 1583 manuscript titled The Office of Spirits, appears to have ultimately been an elaboration on a 15th-century manuscript titled Le Livre des Esperitz (of which 30 of its 47 spirits are nearly identical to spirits in the Ars Goetia).

In a slightly later copy made by Thomas Rudd, this portion was labelled "Liber Malorum Spirituum seu Goetia", and the seals and demons were paired with those of the 72 angels of the Shemhamphorasch, who were intended to protect the conjurer and control the demons he summoned. The angelic names and seals were derived from a manuscript by Blaise de Vigenère, whose papers were also used by Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers in his works for the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn. Rudd may have derived his copy of Liber Malorum Spirituum from a now-lost work by Johannes Trithemius, who taught Agrippa, who in turn taught Weyer.

This portion of the work was later translated by S. L. MacGregor Mathers and published by Aleister Crowley under the title The Book of the Goetia of Solomon the King. Crowley added some additional invocations previously unrelated to the original work, as well as essays describing the rituals as psychological exploration instead of demon summoning.1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ13gm9KZP45

The Seventy-Two Demons

The demons' names (given below) are taken from the Ars Goetia, which differs in terms of number and ranking from the Pseudomonarchia Daemonum of Weyer. As a result of multiple translations, there are multiple spellings for some of the names, which are given in the articles concerning them.

1) King Bael1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXY9U39eRLK
2) Duke Agares1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhKEsZZnxUi
3) Prince Vassago1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ68icfPuOGq
4) Marquis Samigina1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfxxTPKXxd3
5) President Marbas1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡb7r86Zh1kn
6) Duke Valefor1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡb1nmtHoNSQ
7) Marquis Amon1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1P2RfK7VdR
8) Duke Barbatos1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡi5cUgf5w9d
9) King Paimon1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPSM0pgSg7x
10) President Buer1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwgG5PVtuOE
11) Duke Gusion1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuArUW2M447
12) Prince Sitri1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTSUBmNDp6D
13) King Beleth1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdbZAlTxAsE
14) Marquis Leraje1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡc3uTCxMjRx
15) Duke Eligos1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7PKgxRmmuW
16) Duke Zepar1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡukLOjZLfjU
17) Count/President Botis1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5MymE5ZIKJ
18) Duke Bathin1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvfrUOyL1MW
19) Duke Sallos1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2G4UW7UCwM
20) King Purson1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡl9NCfSOAHa
21) Count/President Marax1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhuswngPH0V
22) Count/Prince Ipos1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaY6mfcWbrd
23) Duke Aim1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKBIf4CUQOY
24) Marquis Naberius1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ505H67yI6x
25) Count/President Glasya-Labolas1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5ORSbjfqHS
26) Duke Buné1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbinDIRu270
27) Marquis/Count Ronové1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkkO4dmKWZW
28) Duke Berith1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ55AditUNOV
29) Duke Astaroth1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGX4rbRScxP
30) Marquis Forneus1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsRZxxs32zN
31) President Foras1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvzwxV1dWvL
32) King Asmoday1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUiQFWKzuRK
33) Prince/President Gäap1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNwHMdipNOr
34) Count Furfur1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWAXXrZcxpv
35) Marquis Marchosias1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡD9TLJ4Vrby
36) Prince Stolas1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡu2DXWrNGEP
37) Marquis Phenex1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡl2V5YwwYIg
38) Count Halphas1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTcycGywNcT
39) President Malphas1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCXUZ40ayRH
40) Count Räum1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVvoioYWADT
41) Duke Focalor1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡz51v9nwIOv
42) Duke Vepar1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZTzi2307b7
43) Marquis Sabnock1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpXrjqX3Van
44) Marquis Shax1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCAfbPHYzwa
45) King/Count Viné1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlO6ebYM6g0
46) Count Bifrons1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoXVWZY4IMq
47) Duke Vual1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXGsB9DNQGq
48) President Haagenti1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJPph3tFp7M
49) Duke Crocell1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡG9xatiPqpf
50) Knight Furcas1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDL2SHXi7W6
51) King Balam1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnKfo07He38
52) Duke Alloces1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIblnrHwh5M
53) President Caim1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKH03CZUayh
54) Duke/Count Murmur1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZgeCztoyWj
55) Prince Orobas1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNlqiqwXVHD
56) Duke Gremory1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEgFxDqa9XD
57) President Ose1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQHiOUTTcG1
58) President Amy1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7hAj7jspAS
59) Marquis Orias1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaf0pEhPbPw
60) Duke Vapula1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3zqRiBzXWp
61) King/President Zagan1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡt6R45UVopb
62) President Valac1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6R09FfWgNM
63) Marquis Andras1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyFdZii7FU1
64) Duke Flauros1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmZwZHCRl1F
65) Marquis Andrealphus1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAzH2VxMtqz
66) Marquis Kimaris1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡX7h1lGAiFL
67) Duke Amdusias1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnazIH3vIka
68) King Belial1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡssyds0ujaU
69) Marquis Decarabia1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvvAIIDqA8X
70) Prince Seere1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPs8n3TzG2z
71) Duke Dantalion1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGU8vEwdLQP
72) Count Andromalius

The demons are described as being commanded by four kings of the cardinal directions: Amaymon (East), Corson (West), Ziminiar (North), and Gaap (South). A footnote in one variant edition instead lists them as Oriens or Uriens, Paymon or Paymonia, Ariton or Egyn, and Amaymon or Amaimon, alternatively known as Samael, Azazel, Azael, and Mahazael (purportedly their preferred rabbinic names).[10] Agrippa's Occult Philosophy lists the kings of the cardinal directions as Urieus (East), Amaymon (South), Paymon (West), and Egin (North); again providing the alternate names Samuel (i.e. Samael), Azazel, Azael, and Mahazuel. The Magical Calendar lists them as Bael, Moymon, Poymon, and Egin, though Peterson notes that some variant editions instead list '"Asmodel in the East, Amaymon in the South, Paymon in the West, and Aegym in the North"; "Oriens, Paymon, Egyn, and Amaymon"; or "Amodeo [sic] (king of the East), Paymon (king of the West), Egion (king of the North), and Maimon."1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1x5knqyvEW

Ars Theurgia Goetia1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzI9eS81FB2

The Ars Theurgia Goetia mostly derives from Trithemius's Steganographia, though the seals and order for the spirits are different due to corrupted transmission via manuscript. Rituals not found in Steganographia were added, in some ways conflicting with similar rituals found in the Ars Goetia and Ars Paulina. Most of the spirits summoned are tied to points on a compass, four Emperors tied to the cardinal points (Carnesiel in the East, Amenadiel in the West, Demoriel in the North and Caspiel in the South), sixteen Dukes tied to cardinal points, inter-cardinal points, additional directions between those. There are an additional eleven Wandering Princes, totaling thirty one spirit leaders who each rule several to a few dozen spirits.1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKvjS2Q14Qb

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Ars Paulina1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtLQ2HoUSUo

Derived from book two of Trithemius's Steganographia and from portions of the Heptameron, but purportedly delivered by Paul the Apostle instead of (as claimed by Trithemius) Raziel. Elements from The Magical Calendar, astrological seals by Robert Turner's 1656 translation of Paracelsus's Archidoxes of Magic, and repeated mentions of guns and the year 1641 indicate that this portion was written in the later half of the seventeenth century. Traditions of Paul communicating with heavenly powers are almost as old as Christianity itself, as seen in some interpretations of 2 Corinthians 12:2-4 and the apocryphal Apocalypse of Paul. The Ars Paulina is in turn divided into two books, the first detailing twenty-four angels aligned with the twenty-four hours of the day, the second (derived more from the Heptameron) detailing the 360 spirits of the degrees of the zodiac.1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnNLisviGey

Ars Almadel1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmEfGI9oD1e

Mentioned by Trithemius and Weyer, the latter of whom claimed an Arabic origin for the work. A 15th-century copy is attested to by Robert Turner, and Hebrew copies were discovered in the 20th century. The Ars Almadel instructs the magician on how to create a wax tablet with specific designs intended to contact angels via scrying.1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjFyR5tLTzr

Ars Notoria1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvYAk8PIJGv
The oldest known portion of the Lemegeton, the Ars Notoria (or Notory Art) was first mentioned by Michael Scot in 1236 (and thus was written earlier). The Ars Notoria contains a series of prayers (related to those in The Sworn Book of Honorius) intended to grant eidetic memory and instantaneous learning to the magician. Some copies and editions of the Lemegeton omit this work entirely; A. E. Waite ignores it completely when describing the Lemegeton. It is also known as the Ars Nova.1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPMgawdPrEL
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It has also been said to be the origin of Pandora's box and where the seven deadly sins were born.

1 Gula (gluttony)1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4PDKPtQF4n
2 Luxuria (lust, fornication)1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQYtRobXtU2
3 Avaritia (avarice/greed)1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzorpwSJIEd
4 Superbia (pride, hubris)1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFp4PuOsLAp
5 Invidia (Envy)1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡH1srG0SKpb
6 Ira (wrath)1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFoUbGU4kPl
7 Acedia (sloth)1044Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBH3Z311GCs

If you look any further into it, beware your surrounding... You will uncover, the truth.

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