The Lesser Key of Solomon, also known as Clavicula Salomonis Regis or Lemegeton, is an anonymous grimoire (or spell book) on demonology. It was compiled in the mid-17th century, mostly from materials a couple of centuries older. It is divided into five books—the Ars Goetia, Ars Theurgia-Goetia, Ars Paulina, Ars Almadel, and Ars Notoria.1391Please respect copyright.PENANAfo8rf8DO7q
Ars Goetia1391Please respect copyright.PENANAuZ6kqW9WM4
The most obvious source for the Ars Goetia is Johann Weyer's Pseudomonarchia Daemonum in his De praestigiis daemonum. Weyer does not cite, and is unaware of, any other books in the Lemegeton, indicating that the Lemegeton was derived from his work, not the other way around. The order of the spirits was changed between the two, four additional spirits were added to the later work, and one spirit (Pruflas) was omitted. The omission of Pruflas, a mistake that also occurs in an edition of Pseudomonarchia Daemonum cited in Reginald Scot's The Discoverie of Witchcraft, indicates that the Ars Goetia could not have been compiled before 1570. Indeed, it appears that the Ars Goetia is more dependent upon Scot's translation of Weyer than Weyer's work in itself. Additionally, some material was used from Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa's Three Books of Occult Philosophy, the Heptameron by pseudo-Pietro d'Abano, and the Magical Calendar.
Weyer's Officium Spirituum, which is likely related to a 1583 manuscript titled The Office of Spirits, appears to have ultimately been an elaboration on a 15th-century manuscript titled Le Livre des Esperitz (of which 30 of its 47 spirits are nearly identical to spirits in the Ars Goetia).
In a slightly later copy made by Thomas Rudd, this portion was labelled "Liber Malorum Spirituum seu Goetia", and the seals and demons were paired with those of the 72 angels of the Shemhamphorasch, who were intended to protect the conjurer and control the demons he summoned. The angelic names and seals were derived from a manuscript by Blaise de Vigenère, whose papers were also used by Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers in his works for the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn. Rudd may have derived his copy of Liber Malorum Spirituum from a now-lost work by Johannes Trithemius, who taught Agrippa, who in turn taught Weyer.
This portion of the work was later translated by S. L. MacGregor Mathers and published by Aleister Crowley under the title The Book of the Goetia of Solomon the King. Crowley added some additional invocations previously unrelated to the original work, as well as essays describing the rituals as psychological exploration instead of demon summoning.1391Please respect copyright.PENANAI9vesRzogw
The Seventy-Two Demons
The demons' names (given below) are taken from the Ars Goetia, which differs in terms of number and ranking from the Pseudomonarchia Daemonum of Weyer. As a result of multiple translations, there are multiple spellings for some of the names, which are given in the articles concerning them.
1) King Bael1391Please respect copyright.PENANAGOchbgNYB3
2) Duke Agares1391Please respect copyright.PENANAKulgNS0rBk
3) Prince Vassago1391Please respect copyright.PENANAbC4tycosLX
4) Marquis Samigina1391Please respect copyright.PENANApTk2dY29Ld
5) President Marbas1391Please respect copyright.PENANAz7lBRqDTMD
6) Duke Valefor1391Please respect copyright.PENANAgbCxjhzG5G
7) Marquis Amon1391Please respect copyright.PENANAPGPp225Ro6
8) Duke Barbatos1391Please respect copyright.PENANAtjmVhb4aCl
9) King Paimon1391Please respect copyright.PENANAxMz3nKaCR4
10) President Buer1391Please respect copyright.PENANAtwtvWCTsYP
11) Duke Gusion1391Please respect copyright.PENANAQOzcREeJi5
12) Prince Sitri1391Please respect copyright.PENANAEdnrvqe5Sp
13) King Beleth1391Please respect copyright.PENANAjZvISapzao
14) Marquis Leraje1391Please respect copyright.PENANA6q2QcqIDLf
15) Duke Eligos1391Please respect copyright.PENANAwRhCJ8jfsH
16) Duke Zepar1391Please respect copyright.PENANAz6OIrypT8n
17) Count/President Botis1391Please respect copyright.PENANAaADma8hAbK
18) Duke Bathin1391Please respect copyright.PENANALieIFhOaKg
19) Duke Sallos1391Please respect copyright.PENANAohEuvtVXc3
20) King Purson1391Please respect copyright.PENANAG7nYEmDPan
21) Count/President Marax1391Please respect copyright.PENANAYgEbRJ36lC
22) Count/Prince Ipos1391Please respect copyright.PENANAedm9BKBKbw
23) Duke Aim1391Please respect copyright.PENANAMUSa6sJjbx
24) Marquis Naberius1391Please respect copyright.PENANAIpYZPgZSup
25) Count/President Glasya-Labolas1391Please respect copyright.PENANAucd53k47Q5
26) Duke Buné1391Please respect copyright.PENANAw8rzvNZ6yD
27) Marquis/Count Ronové1391Please respect copyright.PENANAVOqvymyOYW
28) Duke Berith1391Please respect copyright.PENANAw75Xhk6QsZ
29) Duke Astaroth1391Please respect copyright.PENANAtos9MsPZBu
30) Marquis Forneus1391Please respect copyright.PENANAjCk5AJJn5a
31) President Foras1391Please respect copyright.PENANAUqKBODlxTN
32) King Asmoday1391Please respect copyright.PENANANH0gIZWlUs
33) Prince/President Gäap1391Please respect copyright.PENANAW4ihYMivfb
34) Count Furfur1391Please respect copyright.PENANA3r5n1bGMkB
35) Marquis Marchosias1391Please respect copyright.PENANA2ifgOfyQKy
36) Prince Stolas1391Please respect copyright.PENANADcfEU7wMa2
37) Marquis Phenex1391Please respect copyright.PENANAhG89HYJ8Zb
38) Count Halphas1391Please respect copyright.PENANAjhBM4my0LT
39) President Malphas1391Please respect copyright.PENANAKpe4G6Wxfz
40) Count Räum1391Please respect copyright.PENANAxAQDyBPS4x
41) Duke Focalor1391Please respect copyright.PENANAj0wthsMXzA
42) Duke Vepar1391Please respect copyright.PENANAFhvtnLfOyg
43) Marquis Sabnock1391Please respect copyright.PENANAND61gS1bXg
44) Marquis Shax1391Please respect copyright.PENANAokcHdzjlCM
45) King/Count Viné1391Please respect copyright.PENANASoY1x7We5a
46) Count Bifrons1391Please respect copyright.PENANA7SzOn41iC4
47) Duke Vual1391Please respect copyright.PENANA9d897q9Erc
48) President Haagenti1391Please respect copyright.PENANAUxHp9vTOQi
49) Duke Crocell1391Please respect copyright.PENANAkTNeEW6tkO
50) Knight Furcas1391Please respect copyright.PENANAuZs6NdFraq
51) King Balam1391Please respect copyright.PENANATu3gzkhado
52) Duke Alloces1391Please respect copyright.PENANAYA63ej0es0
53) President Caim1391Please respect copyright.PENANAmspQ6IKZta
54) Duke/Count Murmur1391Please respect copyright.PENANAlTsJdgCY4i
55) Prince Orobas1391Please respect copyright.PENANAk398dvuAkx
56) Duke Gremory1391Please respect copyright.PENANAqp2KhZuHgK
57) President Ose1391Please respect copyright.PENANAP3bnWbAtIA
58) President Amy1391Please respect copyright.PENANAfb0LdDScmq
59) Marquis Orias1391Please respect copyright.PENANArbEZhYFtLN
60) Duke Vapula1391Please respect copyright.PENANAIaIr5p1ydc
61) King/President Zagan1391Please respect copyright.PENANAVA8pyh8Xq0
62) President Valac1391Please respect copyright.PENANAJ6ezVLmC4A
63) Marquis Andras1391Please respect copyright.PENANAQAJ2326KY7
64) Duke Flauros1391Please respect copyright.PENANAVbHnpsuoi2
65) Marquis Andrealphus1391Please respect copyright.PENANAolrc4BgwC8
66) Marquis Kimaris1391Please respect copyright.PENANAzV31Jk6Zfs
67) Duke Amdusias1391Please respect copyright.PENANAw23KLausiL
68) King Belial1391Please respect copyright.PENANAeWh6l1dlN4
69) Marquis Decarabia1391Please respect copyright.PENANAPzPC51eGGl
70) Prince Seere1391Please respect copyright.PENANAVadKmKFoij
71) Duke Dantalion1391Please respect copyright.PENANAjMuxibnhtf
72) Count Andromalius
The demons are described as being commanded by four kings of the cardinal directions: Amaymon (East), Corson (West), Ziminiar (North), and Gaap (South). A footnote in one variant edition instead lists them as Oriens or Uriens, Paymon or Paymonia, Ariton or Egyn, and Amaymon or Amaimon, alternatively known as Samael, Azazel, Azael, and Mahazael (purportedly their preferred rabbinic names).[10] Agrippa's Occult Philosophy lists the kings of the cardinal directions as Urieus (East), Amaymon (South), Paymon (West), and Egin (North); again providing the alternate names Samuel (i.e. Samael), Azazel, Azael, and Mahazuel. The Magical Calendar lists them as Bael, Moymon, Poymon, and Egin, though Peterson notes that some variant editions instead list '"Asmodel in the East, Amaymon in the South, Paymon in the West, and Aegym in the North"; "Oriens, Paymon, Egyn, and Amaymon"; or "Amodeo [sic] (king of the East), Paymon (king of the West), Egion (king of the North), and Maimon."1391Please respect copyright.PENANAM4qrVTBcA5
Ars Theurgia Goetia1391Please respect copyright.PENANACVdDy4YUVs
The Ars Theurgia Goetia mostly derives from Trithemius's Steganographia, though the seals and order for the spirits are different due to corrupted transmission via manuscript. Rituals not found in Steganographia were added, in some ways conflicting with similar rituals found in the Ars Goetia and Ars Paulina. Most of the spirits summoned are tied to points on a compass, four Emperors tied to the cardinal points (Carnesiel in the East, Amenadiel in the West, Demoriel in the North and Caspiel in the South), sixteen Dukes tied to cardinal points, inter-cardinal points, additional directions between those. There are an additional eleven Wandering Princes, totaling thirty one spirit leaders who each rule several to a few dozen spirits.1391Please respect copyright.PENANAEfgqWiIWaG
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Ars Paulina1391Please respect copyright.PENANAkBS0t9MIN2
Derived from book two of Trithemius's Steganographia and from portions of the Heptameron, but purportedly delivered by Paul the Apostle instead of (as claimed by Trithemius) Raziel. Elements from The Magical Calendar, astrological seals by Robert Turner's 1656 translation of Paracelsus's Archidoxes of Magic, and repeated mentions of guns and the year 1641 indicate that this portion was written in the later half of the seventeenth century. Traditions of Paul communicating with heavenly powers are almost as old as Christianity itself, as seen in some interpretations of 2 Corinthians 12:2-4 and the apocryphal Apocalypse of Paul. The Ars Paulina is in turn divided into two books, the first detailing twenty-four angels aligned with the twenty-four hours of the day, the second (derived more from the Heptameron) detailing the 360 spirits of the degrees of the zodiac.1391Please respect copyright.PENANAYwmNjSXPQS
Ars Almadel1391Please respect copyright.PENANAaldA5ctNmU
Mentioned by Trithemius and Weyer, the latter of whom claimed an Arabic origin for the work. A 15th-century copy is attested to by Robert Turner, and Hebrew copies were discovered in the 20th century. The Ars Almadel instructs the magician on how to create a wax tablet with specific designs intended to contact angels via scrying.1391Please respect copyright.PENANAk4E9hMXz4h
Ars Notoria1391Please respect copyright.PENANAgDK1evipVB
The oldest known portion of the Lemegeton, the Ars Notoria (or Notory Art) was first mentioned by Michael Scot in 1236 (and thus was written earlier). The Ars Notoria contains a series of prayers (related to those in The Sworn Book of Honorius) intended to grant eidetic memory and instantaneous learning to the magician. Some copies and editions of the Lemegeton omit this work entirely; A. E. Waite ignores it completely when describing the Lemegeton. It is also known as the Ars Nova.1391Please respect copyright.PENANAAOYamfApQT
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It has also been said to be the origin of Pandora's box and where the seven deadly sins were born.
1 Gula (gluttony)1391Please respect copyright.PENANAPyeyRRTuqj
2 Luxuria (lust, fornication)1391Please respect copyright.PENANAQnQZ9FHvQJ
3 Avaritia (avarice/greed)1391Please respect copyright.PENANAVmQDK69CcJ
4 Superbia (pride, hubris)1391Please respect copyright.PENANAyPdMvl6CTd
5 Invidia (Envy)1391Please respect copyright.PENANA3fDrQWiM7N
6 Ira (wrath)1391Please respect copyright.PENANA34Rsg8AHQR
7 Acedia (sloth)1391Please respect copyright.PENANAQiu7tlwUs3
If you look any further into it, beware your surrounding... You will uncover, the truth.
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