喺講啲黑鬼點畀利奧波德二世斬手斬腳前103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWCxNyrGrPR
首先要講講佢地一路係過緊點嘅生活103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGgQifEfvUG
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喺剛果河下游至河口一帶103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡArNBEDn1rC
因為河道較闊103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcNsNvqQKhi
葡萄牙人都入到去探索103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhFpg91PNzi
當地嘅土人接觸得多西方文明103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOJ3cJHsDKV
生活水平同知識相對於內陸係高啲嘅103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMoelN3jdpt
佢地會種啲粟米呀豆呀做主糧103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡo4lq0buBa6
(係葡萄牙十六十七世紀時引入嘅)103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡb2zQ289UGp
基本上已經唔係原始嘅漁獵社會103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOXI6YXuV3N
佢地亦都會同內陸嘅部落103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ538nn0vu7H
以物易物咁換啲象牙同橡膠出嚟賣畀葡萄牙人103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoo7WfLY033
攞到錢就買啲西方產物103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7yS6bZipoi
當年史丹利喺河口係簽唔到協議乜濟103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXgY2YBXw2L
就係因為嗰度嘅人水平較高唔中計103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡClHys5HZFC
所以剛果河下游自由邦係佔得好少地
(河嘅北岸已經係法屬剛果，南邊就係葡屬安哥拉)
至於中游嘅部落就相對原始好多喇103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFgN6nImJEt
因為剛果河中段係由一系列嘅急流同瀑布組成103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJgv5xrFqq7
船係行唔到入去嘅103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeWPHRoOtCJ
交通非常唔方便103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0q951dJHWE
各個部落亦都分得好散103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ24oxkxARTz
好多部落第一個見到嘅白人就係史丹利103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeo8WMUKHIW
所以先畀佢有機可乘103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBJz3GnOWSB
而呢啲部落主要都係捉吓魚呀，食吓猩猩呀咁維生103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZUkl53CWq7
一般人眼中嘅非洲原始人就係呢啲喇
位於剛果河中游嘅博約馬瀑布103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyu1OtSoZ5X
舊稱史丹利瀑布103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMd0i8hKkm7
故名思義就係阿史生首先發現㗎啦
上游近大湖區嘅部落多數都係畀阿拉伯人控制嘅103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ90CiHSZIvb
不過啲阿拉伯人又唔係真係咁殘暴嘅103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjXmb9skfbs
因為佢地主要係捉啲人攞去賣吓103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡebMbWtHtl9
同要脅吓啲村民幫佢地搵象牙嘅啫103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHPSCN51ZLr
佢地要長做長有所以唔會搞到啲村民太慘103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiExyrdpiVP
始終啲人身體唔好又點賣到好價錢呢?103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmNcxwJD4gU
大屠殺對佢地嘅生意冇好處103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTzZFqBtwB4
而啲村民多數都係捉魚為生103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHV45ZPEwf4
(嗰系列嘅大湖係全非洲水產最豐富嘅地區)103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQCLnYVvNO3
而南邊嘅熱帶草原地帶就係最富庶嘅103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9t7PSJn0cv
嗰度嘅部落有種嘢嘅又有放牧嘅103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0so0F6r70e
但係最賺錢嘅係採礦103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBwKKTQmIjL
剛果南部加丹加地區喺正非洲中部嘅大礦帶103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwH57K0n5G7
喺嗰度嘅部族領袖多數都係靠賣銅畀歐洲人致富103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSSerC7XKqQ
生番土王帝Msiri就係其中最強大嘅103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCvrcncoUt4
剛果地形大概係由東部高地一路斜向西邊103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡF4InQsA3fD
北面係雨林南邊就草原103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7p7iYSLf6s
咁大個國家得西邊一個出海口仔103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7Y46EVkOpR
(佢海岸線得卅七公里,香港嗰條都有七百幾公里啦)
如果利奧波德二世可以慢慢發展103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2NGRLUTyQO
根據唔同地方嘅情況去計劃開發嘅方向嘅話103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuq66LpOKUR
一塊資源咁豐富嘅地方係可以有好大嘅潛力103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMPmXmThJrc
由農業採礦開始103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmflFQ6N4xT
再慢慢發展工業103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0TUHKUWqtU
有人力又有資源其實係最理想嘅103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtF2E8qc2nM
不過佢冇時間咁做103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaetLzS1Xep
而家呢一刻嘅利奧波德二世103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuyPKRfbHzc
可以話係揹到成身街數103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9TsXtCvT70
佢唔不惜一切咁搵錢填氹嘅話103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzGBaAtUNb7
唔好話發展呀103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8DeIOCD1dJ
連佢自己都會搞到債主臨門一身蟻103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFXW9Nfi13W
咁點先可以最快速咁喺殖民地攞到錢呢?103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlZEEpyLYX7
剛果唔似南美印加帝國咁有咁多金畀西班牙佬去搶103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBsN5EoLvwd
要喺度攞錢最快嘅方法就係變賣資源103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡudZa5TBgyf
剛果最值錢嘅就係南部嘅礦產同雨林入面嘅象牙同橡膠103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ87VLiyUHKc
喺自由邦成立前啲土人係隨意去攞嘅103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4wvdU6BytH
再經自由貿易賣畀歐洲人103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRgt4X1Rj5I
利奧波德二世如果要變賣資源賺錢103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ292kfiJvWJ
佢首先要壟斷呢啲資源嘅擁有權103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfTwlPDPzYZ
但係本身喺自由邦入面做緊生意嘅歐洲商人一定會屌鬼103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsu93GrT4eJ
佢要用啲冇咁顯眼嘅方法去做
喺1889年佢頒布咗一個政令103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhWqa6xZQtq
將剛果自由邦裡面冇人居住嘅土地劃為邦政府所有103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCAljJQocJT
因為成個剛果大部分都係冇人嘅雨林103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqjtIrGoYfZ
咁即係差唔多八九成嘅土地都變咗係政府嘅103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzTpQFDrDav
跟住喺1892年佢宣布所有喺政府土地收集到嘅嘢103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmGA6eI5LDM
都只可以賣畀政府或者指定嘅公司103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHx8Sn3dGXJ
各國企業家都可以競投十到十五年嘅專營權103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbTNJmkUzGM
(當然到最後都係畀利奧波德二世有關嘅租界公司攞到啦)103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOCAe0O936I
透過呢啲條例同方法103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbyxMuus7mw
利奧波德二世就可以係冇明顯違反柏林協議103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtBJMXDQp4g
有關各國自由貿易嘅條款下103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGkTe0msK4S
壟斷全個剛果自由邦嘅資源103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJ26n5STBao
咁邦政府同租界公司103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsJOl0EfBAl
就可以用佢地控制嘅價格103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOVc5Zm6fsz
去買入啲黑鬼收集到嘅資源喇
個價同係自由市場嘅分別好大103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9K11L9ET9A
之前啲黑鬼賣橡膠畀葡萄牙人103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzJJ8fhXCKv
一公斤可以賣到3-4法郎103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjwVfkr52pK
而家租界公司最多只會出7毫子
另外佢又用啱啱打贏咗阿拉伯人所攞到嘅聲望103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRBfHHiYSpW
說服各國畀佢向自由邦嘅人收稅103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5bf63zeMff
用嚟平衡返打仗嘅支出同起鐵路嘅支出103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡd3iUfYNVoH
(喺1892年自由邦政府開始起一條鐵路103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvCW7qjvQPG
繞過剛果河中游嘅瀑布區103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGWhQ4IXKAb
全長三百幾公里)103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFnOznhHftD
啲稅收係以橡膠或者象牙嚟繳付103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡecx8w6BIOc
好似人頭稅咁103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9cCTnZl3bF
每個成年男人都有一個配額103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMWZIw5stdE
由租界公司收取103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjcAd23wDrV
FP做稅吏追稅103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡW4sNjSbMuV
...似曾相識103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOxX7z15Tj8
一切都好似返返去中世紀封建時代咁103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzDxLlguiU4
無助嘅農奴畀殘暴嘅稅吏追稅⋯⋯103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2xCFpJTsYl
剛果人嘅悲劇而家可以開始喇
利奧波德二世實際上係將成個剛果自由邦103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYAxZfNhfTw
分成九座巨大嘅勞動集中營103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ740LMz4MAu
而喺呢九個租界裡面103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1GUgEH11qV
每一條村都有由租界公司設立嘅哨站103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvLRNQ3xQNp
哨站嘅主管全部都係歐洲嚟嘅103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8TXvzcDW6i
以惡名昭彰嘅A.B.I.R.為例103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCBRcaVkLYG
(Anglo-Belgian India Rubber Company，103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡguqwOZXojD
利奧波德二世以代理人嘅方式103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEZnHMexgwz
同英國一個陸軍上校合資喺1892年成立嘅)103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡP31SHpcPBf
佢會以三年合約103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrnvuqxCdZY
每年千八到二千法郎咁請啲人過去做嘅103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7qoJxtrs0P
呢個人工其實唔係咁高103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsJzxcnnbyJ
大概相等於同時期歐洲一個普通工人嘅年薪103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtbwI4ixBiP
嗰度又山旮旯又多蛇蟲鼠蟻仲有食人族103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ701tJ0ITAs
正常嚟講應該係睬佢都有味103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdfKofnFJTU
不過如果啲主管跑過咗target話就唔同咁講喇103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7a4IbuUSpv
(通常個target係佢管轄區內103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxQVjqGMDQy
每個成年男丁每個月提供8到10公斤乾橡膠)103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5842Z1Pd7F
因為橡膠總值嘅2%103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHCYxGARZGN
會作為佣金派發畀主管嘅103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEQckvE1CFE
個佣可以去到萬七法朗一年103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBmWNnsnyUq
加埋佢份底薪嘅話有成萬九法郎103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡq10YI7oiVE
相等於而家63萬港紙左右103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGX4EQOEDw2
呢個人工對當時嘅歐洲人嚟講係非常吸引103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCUG3T116xN
(去Working Holiday三年103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUiWQviQgME
之後返番鄉下就可以生活無憂䟴䟴腳，爽 )103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrIltDDau3s
但係如果唔到target嘅話103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTvwMukV3Sv
就要喺份糧到嘔番個差額出嚟103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡueluF6myYd
所以喺呢個跑數制度之下103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeWBLrwe3dx
啲主管係會毫無人性咁捽數103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUnoDkXUVg2
務求喺三年內賺夠走人103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFDwsMrlfnr
而幫佢地去實行捽數計劃嘅就係FP103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhDMXnkH9JM
最初FP係利奧波德二世喺比利時請過嚟嘅士官做管理103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGMIpNpnjLD
再加上由桑吉巴請番嚟嘅僱傭兵所組成嘅103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ74ObajLhp9
後來FP喺剛果-阿拉伯戰爭爆發期間迅速膨脹103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIFlgOAsbj9
因為唔夠人佢開始強行徵召戰區內嘅黑鬼入伍103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnVTR8yzZKA
到戰爭完結時103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ05th4UOFOF
FP嘅主力差唔多全部都係剛果人103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5R1VgOb7nG
但係點解啲黑鬼會咁樣殘害自己同胞嘅?
其實所謂嘅“剛果人”103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡONTxhb520l
喺自由邦成立前根本係唔存在嘅103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWbeM1bpc9M
剛果盆地本身有二百幾個部族103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyLmWdSuE3X
喺歐洲人未嚟到之前103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ39yvpvuSGV
佢地已經為咗爭奪資源而打生打死103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsUtIYXAOOq
呢啲鬥爭係唔會因為柏林會議強加上去嘅國界而平息103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoyJ4SqSkB1
佢地從來都唔係一個統一嘅民族103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2muI2Krvfp
所以都講唔上係自相殘殺103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡE52Enrl0Y9
另外FP主要係徵召剛果東北部103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsiSrhNnELL
以剽悍見稱嘅食人部落103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡB4sfIdTLOF
佢地不嬲都以侵略其他部落為生103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJD184xmMpI
而家邦政府出埋糧畀埋槍103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVIpyKy6rc7
佢地開心都嚟唔切啦103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡE5zuGty1Ti
加上如果佢地負責嘅嗰條村唔到target嘅話103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtga2KXcraL
佢地除咗會被扣一半糧之外103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUzcrBSjnbO
仲要畀人虐打甚至收監103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGH2aABQYGm
(監獄平均每日死三到十個人左右103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxiPxlrY3He
所以入得去坐都唔使旨意有命出番嚟)103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡve542MJdOe
正所謂人不為己天誅地滅103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpXEkBqtwdY
畀著係你會點揀?
呢條叫Chicotte，葡文解做鞭103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡODXQv2b1sj
呢啲犀牛皮做嘅鞭通常係攞嚟教訓啲搵唔夠橡膠嘅人103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTrATeMggGd
一個成年男人大概可以受卅鞭左右啦103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKzX5x3ECFa
再多就升仙㗎喇
呢個男人望住嘅係佢個五歲嘅女嘅手同腳103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVySmMeISQQ
至於其他部分同阿媽呢103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFogUJpXMpw
就畀FP嘅僱傭兵食咗103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0UeMCXseWf
呢幅相揭露咗二十世紀初一場最大嘅人道醜聞
同啲阿拉伯奴隸主一樣103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLwyluwIPWa
FP最常用嘅招數103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡizCoEuIbH6
都係綁架啲男丁嘅老婆仔女屋企人103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8ABJ0I6Pt0
去逼佢地採集橡膠103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGRVmOluJwz
面對咁嘅壓迫103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrrhQdVkFA2
啲村民當然不滿啦103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPSEBoYjh1l
尤其係喺自由邦西部近河口嘅部落103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcZPnu2z0Mq
呢啲稅項同壟斷令到佢地做開嘅生意完全停止103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡB4BVUyv36F
佢地有啲選擇咗反抗103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUrHuEIzV0J
不過因為實力差距太大103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlrGl2E1VJL
好多時呢啲叛亂都係滅族收場嘅103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8RRZqulMN8
所以大部分自由邦西部嘅部落103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZDUZUEioO9
都選擇向南面嘅葡屬安哥拉同北面嘅法屬剛果遷徙103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1lpGfPjahs
以致當英國係1903年派人嚟調查自由邦內嘅情況時103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrX9uVgJYc1
個調查員形容剛果河口地區嘅情況係103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5ingWpjUKg
「自由邦境內人影都冇，但河嘅兩岸就人煙稠密」103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4iF18SOBSC
不過呢到冇乜橡膠資源103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfZZy4YIQHO
所以邦政府對啲人出走都唔係好緊張103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJesF35EFP2
至於內陸地區嘅部落就冇咁好彩走到喇103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwdgKZoXblv
邦政府同租界公司對每條村都有嚴密嘅監控103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvrVHJYtW2M
主要對外通道全部都有人把守103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdl07B8zRbR
想逃避唯一辦法就係匿埋喺叢林度103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRWwlIXAoBQ
然後等死(其實都有唔少人咁做...)103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1smOZxMeJA
103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrQ3uKadhmS
而喺啲據點主管瘋狂捽數下103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡx5UbvJWzKo
啲村民差唔多所有時間103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTbQ4TUMOil
都係用晒嚟做收集橡膠有關嘅工作103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGfKJDIaIha
而近乎完全冇回報103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBsY8VJRk2X
一般一個成年男丁需要採集廿幾日103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoOesptuC0c
先夠交嗰個月嘅橡膠稅103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBkyk8t3ENW
有剩嘅先可以以賤價賣畀租界公司103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAlKhfjhN4G
去換食物畀屋企人103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfFU5y7Trsr
同時佢地亦都冇時間去打獵種田103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPLDxT2QQd3
一切正常嘅經濟民生活動被迫停止103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGc8BteYqZP
所以飢荒係非常普遍103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZp02ZkyXwr
但係相對於交唔足稅嘅懲罰103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMZU1PQORHb
可以一家人一齊捱餓103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡABcJ3C3xbk
對佢地嚟講已經係最好嘅情況嚟㗎喇103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJDTDqX8cbw
因為非洲橡膠嘅特點103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNUCgxc1rxi
令採集嘅效率愈嚟愈低103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuZ7Z2USwPc
要到數係件非常困難嘅事
啲橡膠乳液平均一半係水份，個稅係計曬乾咗嘅重量，所以冇得加水出術
喺呢度要講少少關於橡膠嘅嘢先103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPL28SlPIdo
自從1893年發明咗充氣車胎之後103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdEgl3jFqLC
橡膠嘅需求直線上升103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcjKQkTKDqg
但係供應個速度一時之間追唔上103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwTlFcaUKN5
供不應求下個價由1894年六個幾一公斤103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrT2pZj9gKm
飆升到1898年嘅10法郎103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRdfwEB1SnE
租界公司當然就會不斷咁提高橡膠稅額啦103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3BAxnwuFd9
但係非洲橡膠乳液嘅採集方法103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSBzXOeHGOa
係冇可能滿足到不停增長嘅需求103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAHaKtp5Vhj
103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡav7hUESlzV
橡膠主要分兩種:橡膠樹同橡膠攀藤103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ93R2XQZlEQ
原產地係南美巴西嘅橡膠樹103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡivWm45iPQh
只需要割開主要軀幹嘅樹皮103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlZgbtLjh7j
因為地心吸力103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡn65i9VjV3S
啲乳液就會自然流出嚟103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGm41ZK12sm
啲工人割完擺低個桶裝住佢103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡp5hFaMH8MG
第二日去收番啲桶就搞掂103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcJadIPboIa
基本上好似開水喉咁長開長有103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAdG7veGM8p
不過呢一種樹非洲係冇嘅103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡf9NWa4Ryqn
現時主流嘅收集乳液方法
巴西政府極力維護呢種橡膠樹嘅壟斷103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgGbOUrJ7Od
但係喺1876年103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡj9wp3lvTPp
呢個英國佬偷咗七萬幾粒種子畀英國政府103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpySMq1QRq0
跟住攞去馬來亞半島度種103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡggMSmvKDRQ
所以而家天然橡膠最主要嘅產區係馬來西亞而唔係巴西
而剛果盆地嘅橡膠103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOkSHQVYuNO
主要來自一種攀藤103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIEyalAzkJh
喺雨林呢類攀藤會一路沿住啲大樹幹生上去103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfU3Sh9AN8k
通常會生到三十米以上103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgEs0vxmIPN
即係大概十幾層樓高103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡP2k6c9DuCm
另外佢會喺樹與樹之間縱橫交錯103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡb53JcOdFg8
從而冇明顯嘅軀幹103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsEZwBxeOGy
如果用南美橡膠樹嗰種方法去收集乳液嘅話103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmozYxEFn7g
因為冇主要軀幹103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7uCY39Z7XP
啲乳液唔夠集中103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqmNpSLyQOS
喺啲支幹度收集嘅話個份量會太少103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcAMRlf2PP1
收集速度太慢根本唔可行較為有效率嘅方法103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuzv5JkJVW2
就係爬上樹頂103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoGHrpizYgI
成棵逐忽逐忽斬落嚟103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVs6JmvDWvF
然後再逐少逐少咁壓榨啲樹皮103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwiiGcpTR1x
咁樣做除咗好易變空中飛人外103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgbBE8Dzhtd
仲非常晒時間103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkqRFpe5Wig
一日最多榨到兩至三棵103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNWM7nInO4A
一棵榨乾榨淨可能得半桶乳液103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyFnaBhR5fI
經烘乾後仲要再少一半重量103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgxz6MmMTDg
103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6kCOlxXPAK
最大鑊係咁樣搞一搞棵嘢就會玩完103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡq6QB5TYCgQ
即係雨林入面嘅橡膠源買少見少103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡairtxp842B
當村附近嘅橡膠源枯竭晒後103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAv2AREmIpP
啲村民就要愈嚟愈深入雨林入面103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCEo91WTPNw
去搵愈嚟愈稀缺嘅橡膠攀藤103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡquymu3kBsu
一來一回嘅運輸時間長咗103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAj9rFlRSXC
令效率進一步降低103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡc6V2ZSAiEA
以致到咗1890年代中期103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtpOcnXa2jx
一個成年男丁103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡecLHBJRSMK
已經冇可能完成佢嘅配額喇
等佢滴完一桶你啲屋企人好可能命仔都冇埋喇喎103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡI6VxmS28RS
你會點揀?
當然啲黑鬼有困難就係佢地嘅問題嚟啫103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkYonPFuzQv
喺啲主管眼中最擔心嘅係佢自己到唔到數103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEHFDZ5ttU8
除咗逼啲黑鬼冇飯開都要搵橡膠之外103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡH5VDjg5ifh
佢地仲會不斷派人探索叢林深處103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhgqfhGpEsB
搵啲未被發現嘅原始部落再設立據點103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQ57KZsPXd3
透過呢啲破壞性嘅開採方法103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnL2cWE2Q07
加上不斷發掘新嘅剝削對象103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJ34FA5cv8d
令一眾租界公司業務蒸蒸日上103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwpJMEiYIoL
以A.B.I.R.為例103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKGyeEN2Ahn
1892-94兩年總共先賺咗13萬法郎103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSNBrrNU7hn
到1900年一年已經賺差唔多250萬喇103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfVw2KHw8T5
換番做而家嘅港紙大概係8200萬左右103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUi3ZvjN3ul
呢個仲只係一間公司一年嘅利潤咋喎103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnwclBOoikr
成個自由邦總共有九間租界公司103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOL3w57aMt2
可想而知嗰個時期成個剛果為利奧波德二世賺咗幾多錢103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWdGqhHjQz0
103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡezBtWq5go3
喺呢段時間利奧波德二世利用呢啲錢去還債103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZwfCnwAjqA
同回購租界公司嘅股份103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeGVVsklJr4
令剛果自由邦逐漸成為佢真正嘅私人財產103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtS0SWZGZkH
與此同時佢喺比利時大肆建造極其華美嘅建築103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtPURNfsBaX
又大力扶持國家嘅工業同轉口生意103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7i1XW1fV91
比利時因此國泰民安103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡG8wNeynaEe
一躍成西歐其中一個最工業化，最富裕嘅國家103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHigN1iPxhS
至於地球另一邊嗰個黑暗角落發生嘅事103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwxLl3RhjgR
當時嘅人係唔知亦都唔會理嘅103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0919bWMaQU
佢地只係知道仁慈嘅國王為佢地帶嚟幸福103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNv77wHoeC8
不過呢種發展模式差唔多去到盡頭喇
103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVFbdjMANPM
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103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡccPT8gT90t
...待續
103Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡILr1f1IrVf
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