No Plagiarism!JkRsfE5Q96RuM6wWQaf4posted on PENANA 派克(Peck)的心理發展理論8964 copyright protection136PENANAA3Z2Rill8o 維尼
2019-04-16 21438964 copyright protection136PENANA6a8HqyXkLw 維尼
在中年期與老年期,其人生約在30歲後期至40歲階段,自己除必須面臨體能的逐漸衰退外,也面臨父母的病痛、死亡,以及子女的成熟和獨立,並經歷人際關係的轉和斷層。但適應良好的質中年人可運用新舊經驗作為解決新問題的指南,讓生活充滿意義與挑戰。因此,在此人生階段需改變原本從事的活動,重視個體的心理與社會發指變化。8964 copyright protection136PENANAxTqV8xfff7 維尼
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中年期的四個發展:8964 copyright protection136PENANAyjxDlXiQf6 維尼
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(1)重視智慧、重視身體力量:適應較好的人多會欣賞自己擁有的智慧(做最佳選擇的能力,豐富的生活經驗接觸關係情境的機會),比體力,活力和年輕的吸引力更有價值。8964 copyright protection136PENANApE1bXvSnof 維尼
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(2)人際關係社會化、兩性化:對身邊的男女重新定義,視他們為個體,朋友和同伴,而非以性為重心。8964 copyright protection136PENANAAoZS1afZKn 維尼
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(3)情緒彈性、情緒貧乏:情緒投注在不同人或不同事間的轉變,已因應親密親友的過往或是子女的成熟獨立,而感到的人際斷層時期。8964 copyright protection136PENANArkfH5V6Izj 維尼
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(4)心智彈性、心智僵化:受限於原有對人生的獨特見解,便無法接受新的觀念,彈性的人會利用新的經驗和以往所得的見解答案,作為解決問題的指南。8964 copyright protection136PENANAWuCPUXn9Dx 維尼
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派克老年的三個危機:8964 copyright protection136PENANABY5Kcic6Cm 維尼
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強調老年人為心理健康運作所必須解決的三大危機8964 copyright protection136PENANA8ZMlxwnJbN 維尼
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(1)自我分化和工作角色第一:若沒了工作,我是否仍有價值?這是晚年的關鍵問題,無論事業是對外還是對內,在面對事業的喪失總需要自我調適及探索,除非認清自我比過去工作的經驗更豐富及多樣,否則將限在失落的工作中。8964 copyright protection136PENANAC5e7WMLOlz 維尼
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(2)超越身體和身體第一:以身體健康為幸福人生的,會因為伴隨老年而來的體能衰弱,而陷入絕望狀況;而重視有人際關係和不需絕佳健康活動得來的滿足,較能克服生理上的不適,也較能培養與日俱增的心智和社會力量。8964 copyright protection136PENANAcAFRaA1fh5 維尼
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(3)自我超越和自我第一:面對日近死亡的事實,認清自己過去的生活經驗,藉由肯定過去對他人的幸福、健康的貢獻(子女的成就,社會的貢獻,擁有的人際關係等)而超越現時現地的自我,並對死亡有一種肯定的看法。8964 copyright protection136PENANAR4bfanRS5P 維尼
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