喺講啲黑鬼點畀利奧波德二世斬手斬腳前39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡy4iZZCQOQg
首先要講講佢地一路係過緊點嘅生活39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvTMoDjmEty
其實佢地唔係一般人想像中咁原始㗎39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡX3Bx8CQFlk
喺剛果河下游至河口一帶39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdntizhDSdR
因為河道較闊39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8V7dXwrafH
葡萄牙人都入到去探索39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiYmiAKiFhW
當地嘅土人接觸得多西方文明39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡs27c7AZpls
生活水平同知識相對於內陸係高啲嘅39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwjAsZI2LbS
佢地會種啲粟米呀豆呀做主糧39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡf4Fg9paLLO
(係葡萄牙十六十七世紀時引入嘅)39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkhCbMMbfEW
基本上已經唔係原始嘅漁獵社會39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHGEjwUJw9s
佢地亦都會同內陸嘅部落39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBrgpbERjbb
以物易物咁換啲象牙同橡膠出嚟賣畀葡萄牙人39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoTNx4Iank1
攞到錢就買啲西方產物39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEJ9fj1BY6w
當年史丹利喺河口係簽唔到協議乜濟39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ97C8iIMGjM
就係因為嗰度嘅人水平較高唔中計39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvrXKSRO48o
所以剛果河下游自由邦係佔得好少地
(河嘅北岸已經係法屬剛果，南邊就係葡屬安哥拉)
至於中游嘅部落就相對原始好多喇39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡI3HPwIWPYH
因為剛果河中段係由一系列嘅急流同瀑布組成39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfkasvFZaEV
船係行唔到入去嘅39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNxMoD4gMr1
交通非常唔方便39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEHmcKziRu1
各個部落亦都分得好散39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8VydbZJWgD
好多部落第一個見到嘅白人就係史丹利39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrGb0kW5Jls
所以先畀佢有機可乘39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsPVm1qyAIs
而呢啲部落主要都係捉吓魚呀，食吓猩猩呀咁維生39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEJyT43oqAM
一般人眼中嘅非洲原始人就係呢啲喇
位於剛果河中游嘅博約馬瀑布39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡH4Xk1UGxQ0
舊稱史丹利瀑布39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡucX07A1CvI
故名思義就係阿史生首先發現㗎啦
上游近大湖區嘅部落多數都係畀阿拉伯人控制嘅39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8NxMrHfq78
不過啲阿拉伯人又唔係真係咁殘暴嘅39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ649BpmdU36
因為佢地主要係捉啲人攞去賣吓39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡesZI0jaQVl
同要脅吓啲村民幫佢地搵象牙嘅啫39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPhunZTS9Rj
佢地要長做長有所以唔會搞到啲村民太慘39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡM7YsmoPNyO
始終啲人身體唔好又點賣到好價錢呢?39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCAhteeoOk8
大屠殺對佢地嘅生意冇好處39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOJrUizw322
而啲村民多數都係捉魚為生39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡymciHBOndr
(嗰系列嘅大湖係全非洲水產最豐富嘅地區)39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡuMt8cLoWVL
而南邊嘅熱帶草原地帶就係最富庶嘅39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnZ5O8Z37IM
嗰度嘅部落有種嘢嘅又有放牧嘅39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6wUwdKFas8
但係最賺錢嘅係採礦39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡT5XxHxujIM
剛果南部加丹加地區喺正非洲中部嘅大礦帶39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvO534ZwOPU
喺嗰度嘅部族領袖多數都係靠賣銅畀歐洲人致富39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡY3M9WOadJp
生番土王帝Msiri就係其中最強大嘅39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOWbSlWAKHO
剛果地形大概係由東部高地一路斜向西邊39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJjmO5XzLPZ
北面係雨林南邊就草原39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMFXHRITo5L
咁大個國家得西邊一個出海口仔39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdn9fPyVfOH
(佢海岸線得卅七公里,香港嗰條都有七百幾公里啦)
如果利奧波德二世可以慢慢發展39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHoYOCvjml4
根據唔同地方嘅情況去計劃開發嘅方向嘅話39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡd7KT611I3Y
一塊資源咁豐富嘅地方係可以有好大嘅潛力39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡO1tyP4ssdw
由農業採礦開始39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBlSsnSvn5N
再慢慢發展工業39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBPZVVBnAnA
有人力又有資源其實係最理想嘅39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNzDBumDYEY
不過佢冇時間咁做39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUIZkwWf7Jp
而家呢一刻嘅利奧波德二世39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcJaWVHSKnZ
可以話係揹到成身街數39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAXxpu8c1rA
佢唔不惜一切咁搵錢填氹嘅話39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFVpWJdHJbf
唔好話發展呀39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVXQMpxO9kV
連佢自己都會搞到債主臨門一身蟻39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkiItd6tJAp
咁點先可以最快速咁喺殖民地攞到錢呢?39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzpzaJwqgmP
剛果唔似南美印加帝國咁有咁多金畀西班牙佬去搶39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJ66GEDdtvS
要喺度攞錢最快嘅方法就係變賣資源39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvMOgkFXOs5
剛果最值錢嘅就係南部嘅礦產同雨林入面嘅象牙同橡膠39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgmoFjbbBeD
喺自由邦成立前啲土人係隨意去攞嘅39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZP0TXK2OUH
再經自由貿易賣畀歐洲人39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2PI25ZngFw
利奧波德二世如果要變賣資源賺錢39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwemK5Cm2wI
佢首先要壟斷呢啲資源嘅擁有權39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtTpI3I3eJT
但係本身喺自由邦入面做緊生意嘅歐洲商人一定會屌鬼39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGsD5pKXKyW
佢要用啲冇咁顯眼嘅方法去做
喺1889年佢頒布咗一個政令39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9pFOorPw0B
將剛果自由邦裡面冇人居住嘅土地劃為邦政府所有39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3PzolvrerB
因為成個剛果大部分都係冇人嘅雨林39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjByFediR4M
咁即係差唔多八九成嘅土地都變咗係政府嘅39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡV3y6heC1Df
跟住喺1892年佢宣布所有喺政府土地收集到嘅嘢39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1qmAtiK7O7
都只可以賣畀政府或者指定嘅公司39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6cWVxXCJWH
各國企業家都可以競投十到十五年嘅專營權39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIl6FrhliOC
(當然到最後都係畀利奧波德二世有關嘅租界公司攞到啦)39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡI0UdbhyxYG
透過呢啲條例同方法39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQ5fheDd0M0
利奧波德二世就可以係冇明顯違反柏林協議39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeqwzllhfFn
有關各國自由貿易嘅條款下39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrGYb7EYkqb
壟斷全個剛果自由邦嘅資源39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡB1sqER1obg
咁邦政府同租界公司39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUU3wnftuw2
就可以用佢地控制嘅價格39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFTWuZFFwpn
去買入啲黑鬼收集到嘅資源喇
個價同係自由市場嘅分別好大39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkcszmQOFZb
之前啲黑鬼賣橡膠畀葡萄牙人39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9fM6z0Yg1s
一公斤可以賣到3-4法郎39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0zqzX4vNDJ
而家租界公司最多只會出7毫子
另外佢又用啱啱打贏咗阿拉伯人所攞到嘅聲望39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4gTTCVhW83
說服各國畀佢向自由邦嘅人收稅39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSjsVuEycrN
用嚟平衡返打仗嘅支出同起鐵路嘅支出39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWEFHrgp2ak
(喺1892年自由邦政府開始起一條鐵路39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡK9YqPPbOks
繞過剛果河中游嘅瀑布區39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡk7nuJcOrId
全長三百幾公里)39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmcucGlz0Gn
啲稅收係以橡膠或者象牙嚟繳付39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMqmMN3acOe
好似人頭稅咁39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTc85UL5frZ
每個成年男人都有一個配額39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡA7SaEHvenb
由租界公司收取39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQ3uPpp10j3
FP做稅吏追稅39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡk6nrx2ILf7
...似曾相識39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYSNWOsXYkh
一切都好似返返去中世紀封建時代咁39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡW4KrhZ7WG2
無助嘅農奴畀殘暴嘅稅吏追稅⋯⋯39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrZPlbaenXs
剛果人嘅悲劇而家可以開始喇
利奧波德二世實際上係將成個剛果自由邦39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAWknFOnKfF
分成九座巨大嘅勞動集中營39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnAJI9R4NGg
而喺呢九個租界裡面39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3UyRVbf4Zy
每一條村都有由租界公司設立嘅哨站39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMQOo4yY9kU
哨站嘅主管全部都係歐洲嚟嘅39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvJuxcRqCmp
以惡名昭彰嘅A.B.I.R.為例39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjageevc3nl
(Anglo-Belgian India Rubber Company，39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKw8qqf4lhM
利奧波德二世以代理人嘅方式39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9c0GIlL8ZY
同英國一個陸軍上校合資喺1892年成立嘅)39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMLb0Uykahk
佢會以三年合約39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9QCUmMFKsm
每年千八到二千法郎咁請啲人過去做嘅39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBpR7N5hh3B
呢個人工其實唔係咁高39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXmCijD8tlz
大概相等於同時期歐洲一個普通工人嘅年薪39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqoIyRKiuIi
嗰度又山旮旯又多蛇蟲鼠蟻仲有食人族39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡakg0X4VtvS
正常嚟講應該係睬佢都有味39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1khN3hodqP
不過如果啲主管跑過咗target話就唔同咁講喇39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVj1OvbVuQl
(通常個target係佢管轄區內39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYGSpI23Snv
每個成年男丁每個月提供8到10公斤乾橡膠)39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoA6goA8VxV
因為橡膠總值嘅2%39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZTg2ZYXW0t
會作為佣金派發畀主管嘅39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIBjETkC24w
個佣可以去到萬七法朗一年39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPcppMD79XI
加埋佢份底薪嘅話有成萬九法郎39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtc4fgAlq2o
相等於而家63萬港紙左右39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjLjJtnicUr
呢個人工對當時嘅歐洲人嚟講係非常吸引39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZtsOYqjhRl
(去Working Holiday三年39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzxHfxCmAkI
之後返番鄉下就可以生活無憂䟴䟴腳，爽 )39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLmbTGudE34
但係如果唔到target嘅話39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlkxftYs7ML
就要喺份糧到嘔番個差額出嚟39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcWrFkaAh5z
所以喺呢個跑數制度之下39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtj0KThf8dz
啲主管係會毫無人性咁捽數39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwPMnpX0MSG
務求喺三年內賺夠走人39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNkhKdkNxiv
而幫佢地去實行捽數計劃嘅就係FP39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMMI2TuwBgi
最初FP係利奧波德二世喺比利時請過嚟嘅士官做管理39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhongKSQSYN
再加上由桑吉巴請番嚟嘅僱傭兵所組成嘅39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡL8PT7NJVMu
後來FP喺剛果-阿拉伯戰爭爆發期間迅速膨脹39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4iCSZTpWQE
因為唔夠人佢開始強行徵召戰區內嘅黑鬼入伍39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡwDDMNPfyUr
到戰爭完結時39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡA6K50ZiFCb
FP嘅主力差唔多全部都係剛果人39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ03zqpBdBqj
但係點解啲黑鬼會咁樣殘害自己同胞嘅?
其實所謂嘅“剛果人”39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡYzKrpGIC1t
喺自由邦成立前根本係唔存在嘅39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWBjEsTM2Oj
剛果盆地本身有二百幾個部族39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ70ytIpgaVy
喺歐洲人未嚟到之前39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5t9oGxgVnv
佢地已經為咗爭奪資源而打生打死39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbSyKcwgK03
呢啲鬥爭係唔會因為柏林會議強加上去嘅國界而平息39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡU1axB9oSDS
佢地從來都唔係一個統一嘅民族39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTv46qMXnsZ
所以都講唔上係自相殘殺39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGrpjSyztoG
另外FP主要係徵召剛果東北部39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡti3EqScSFv
以剽悍見稱嘅食人部落39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡr40XtVlE7h
佢地不嬲都以侵略其他部落為生39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFELoR9KRPP
而家邦政府出埋糧畀埋槍39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxZCQcwamxj
佢地開心都嚟唔切啦39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡImMlzEae9H
加上如果佢地負責嘅嗰條村唔到target嘅話39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEz9PE2OqYw
佢地除咗會被扣一半糧之外39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡL1L3TxxhJf
仲要畀人虐打甚至收監39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIGgOq7BhMD
(監獄平均每日死三到十個人左右39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡD8yE7JKpBZ
所以入得去坐都唔使旨意有命出番嚟)39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvWeRHY6RVW
正所謂人不為己天誅地滅39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡv7YUouslUf
畀著係你會點揀?
呢條叫Chicotte，葡文解做鞭39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡniMOXwlCFf
呢啲犀牛皮做嘅鞭通常係攞嚟教訓啲搵唔夠橡膠嘅人39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWlpTDM56a1
一個成年男人大概可以受卅鞭左右啦39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbvuxTIroaP
再多就升仙㗎喇
呢個男人望住嘅係佢個五歲嘅女嘅手同腳39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4hisKmDeWj
至於其他部分同阿媽呢39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcyJnZFowwB
就畀FP嘅僱傭兵食咗39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdD1WEft0Pp
呢幅相揭露咗二十世紀初一場最大嘅人道醜聞
同啲阿拉伯奴隸主一樣39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhl6DaKHRAX
FP最常用嘅招數39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNyEABc7nyk
都係綁架啲男丁嘅老婆仔女屋企人39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3d4OGWwuxj
去逼佢地採集橡膠39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzqanf0P1Gj
面對咁嘅壓迫39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡODaZxy5hqM
啲村民當然不滿啦39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaqm1rc0lhV
尤其係喺自由邦西部近河口嘅部落39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRW1Y4DUjhm
呢啲稅項同壟斷令到佢地做開嘅生意完全停止39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ90om2B5Uru
佢地有啲選擇咗反抗39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3zzPyzBO8w
不過因為實力差距太大39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyDasRokPkK
好多時呢啲叛亂都係滅族收場嘅39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdvJQxYFlKA
所以大部分自由邦西部嘅部落39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ57YgSs5UHj
都選擇向南面嘅葡屬安哥拉同北面嘅法屬剛果遷徙39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOOCwchdYis
以致當英國係1903年派人嚟調查自由邦內嘅情況時39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡfdrlCbwbNU
個調查員形容剛果河口地區嘅情況係39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3hw1sg3Ekc
「自由邦境內人影都冇，但河嘅兩岸就人煙稠密」39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡb8WBfW6ykg
不過呢到冇乜橡膠資源39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjVIOeBuPEs
所以邦政府對啲人出走都唔係好緊張39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡz4TWciVzw8
至於內陸地區嘅部落就冇咁好彩走到喇39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡORklGL77d9
邦政府同租界公司對每條村都有嚴密嘅監控39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnyr3E1b0MR
主要對外通道全部都有人把守39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPXaEc5awSe
想逃避唯一辦法就係匿埋喺叢林度39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ01cHd6M9SR
然後等死(其實都有唔少人咁做...)39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡslf47Zj3ho
39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFf7LL4Cfdp
而喺啲據點主管瘋狂捽數下39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgeRE294O1E
啲村民差唔多所有時間39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrSUELJHxBF
都係用晒嚟做收集橡膠有關嘅工作39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxZDxqTPFah
而近乎完全冇回報39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡb5M0dfjDl6
一般一個成年男丁需要採集廿幾日39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7SrhZurxtB
先夠交嗰個月嘅橡膠稅39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFnuVyLtR9W
有剩嘅先可以以賤價賣畀租界公司39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSFlGM7U6n4
去換食物畀屋企人39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsgCljMexaK
同時佢地亦都冇時間去打獵種田39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMshHVMBjgW
一切正常嘅經濟民生活動被迫停止39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzHEJ5p0w55
所以飢荒係非常普遍39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQTbFsMkKKM
但係相對於交唔足稅嘅懲罰39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQi6QLyYrJ6
可以一家人一齊捱餓39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHSPhhS3MmG
對佢地嚟講已經係最好嘅情況嚟㗎喇39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4tj1MgewIl
因為非洲橡膠嘅特點39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvtYQgTC2I8
令採集嘅效率愈嚟愈低39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNETeEa23Ez
要到數係件非常困難嘅事
啲橡膠乳液平均一半係水份，個稅係計曬乾咗嘅重量，所以冇得加水出術
喺呢度要講少少關於橡膠嘅嘢先39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡoOSd3Wz3EF
自從1893年發明咗充氣車胎之後39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡM8HcwwXAkU
橡膠嘅需求直線上升39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXW6WTj4EZd
但係供應個速度一時之間追唔上39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQVmDB7rmzk
供不應求下個價由1894年六個幾一公斤39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjb7Z4whwyd
飆升到1898年嘅10法郎39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkOTFRtaFvp
租界公司當然就會不斷咁提高橡膠稅額啦39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6jdnnjcS5J
但係非洲橡膠乳液嘅採集方法39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsUO5UNDNZU
係冇可能滿足到不停增長嘅需求39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3iWvyvDqU6
39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnBEgbB0sd2
橡膠主要分兩種:橡膠樹同橡膠攀藤39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUHi8E8BiSs
原產地係南美巴西嘅橡膠樹39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpFLMaJwyhT
只需要割開主要軀幹嘅樹皮39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRPkX3ul0uV
因為地心吸力39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡj92VEUTk7W
啲乳液就會自然流出嚟39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1q9DuxE9xb
啲工人割完擺低個桶裝住佢39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAoC5uAfjKO
第二日去收番啲桶就搞掂39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2BPe4qD6ib
基本上好似開水喉咁長開長有39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmm6y2gM26q
不過呢一種樹非洲係冇嘅39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGlI6wps7CO
現時主流嘅收集乳液方法
巴西政府極力維護呢種橡膠樹嘅壟斷39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5eY9Kmw2vO
但係喺1876年39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmxLHb1eUFS
呢個英國佬偷咗七萬幾粒種子畀英國政府39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaDi4AIs2u1
跟住攞去馬來亞半島度種39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡf38arygOJE
所以而家天然橡膠最主要嘅產區係馬來西亞而唔係巴西
而剛果盆地嘅橡膠39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWZa3B8ZbXU
主要來自一種攀藤39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqsQej31bcU
喺雨林呢類攀藤會一路沿住啲大樹幹生上去39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvR4AvVtEEy
通常會生到三十米以上39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡK3meASYS6I
即係大概十幾層樓高39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNluGsSuKnB
另外佢會喺樹與樹之間縱橫交錯39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡucTnfFiuBa
從而冇明顯嘅軀幹39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiqfrbUluSG
如果用南美橡膠樹嗰種方法去收集乳液嘅話39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0XL1nKBEK2
因為冇主要軀幹39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4TlUkR9GY4
啲乳液唔夠集中39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡj8EwalZo7k
喺啲支幹度收集嘅話個份量會太少39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrFvObbJfJ3
收集速度太慢根本唔可行較為有效率嘅方法39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMCTiB1Wvo7
就係爬上樹頂39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡovCTM2heHC
成棵逐忽逐忽斬落嚟39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUzHH2ppfup
然後再逐少逐少咁壓榨啲樹皮39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡSwuHbwDjU6
咁樣做除咗好易變空中飛人外39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEhIl05noGu
仲非常晒時間39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQkcJiSv5nN
一日最多榨到兩至三棵39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡp7GP701Uzd
一棵榨乾榨淨可能得半桶乳液39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCEGWbPyJw8
經烘乾後仲要再少一半重量39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmv4tW5stxQ
39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpGCTmKX708
最大鑊係咁樣搞一搞棵嘢就會玩完39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxTcLuXzXYt
即係雨林入面嘅橡膠源買少見少39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDp3IhO5Qc8
當村附近嘅橡膠源枯竭晒後39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzspI1gzUm1
啲村民就要愈嚟愈深入雨林入面39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡjqXnYw2zot
去搵愈嚟愈稀缺嘅橡膠攀藤39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡY8emENNF0K
一來一回嘅運輸時間長咗39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmeQv3i7ydG
令效率進一步降低39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdd7lZGVBeC
以致到咗1890年代中期39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡdyrQmdDRrs
一個成年男丁39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxh8ntt2Ft1
已經冇可能完成佢嘅配額喇
等佢滴完一桶你啲屋企人好可能命仔都冇埋喇喎39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmZ8EywwLyC
你會點揀?
當然啲黑鬼有困難就係佢地嘅問題嚟啫39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJCRfL5urdO
喺啲主管眼中最擔心嘅係佢自己到唔到數39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUqYZP6Yp9S
除咗逼啲黑鬼冇飯開都要搵橡膠之外39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEYbApSAv6E
佢地仲會不斷派人探索叢林深處39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlaPr1YNz4I
搵啲未被發現嘅原始部落再設立據點39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡD1fYLvFlCe
透過呢啲破壞性嘅開採方法39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEAqoEwktBU
加上不斷發掘新嘅剝削對象39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmncm0HZTVV
令一眾租界公司業務蒸蒸日上39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWPIhwQmpce
以A.B.I.R.為例39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWii6Qlcz9I
1892-94兩年總共先賺咗13萬法郎39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4Qsw36Lnrn
到1900年一年已經賺差唔多250萬喇39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡc5brhn4dnO
換番做而家嘅港紙大概係8200萬左右39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡipy3EZosEI
呢個仲只係一間公司一年嘅利潤咋喎39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhlnfxAi57n
成個自由邦總共有九間租界公司39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ36OVD9lBS4
可想而知嗰個時期成個剛果為利奧波德二世賺咗幾多錢39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUn9aOZ76qI
39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOGTfNy9yEM
喺呢段時間利奧波德二世利用呢啲錢去還債39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBmZ39hhcdq
同回購租界公司嘅股份39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFrUqXE8N4B
令剛果自由邦逐漸成為佢真正嘅私人財產39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡt7KIdyKRVN
與此同時佢喺比利時大肆建造極其華美嘅建築39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrQOA3nhGrm
又大力扶持國家嘅工業同轉口生意39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWJfBICytWD
比利時因此國泰民安39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRRXjfs09eN
一躍成西歐其中一個最工業化，最富裕嘅國家39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ2PCFb6kJaN
至於地球另一邊嗰個黑暗角落發生嘅事39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvDQl8JUNBQ
當時嘅人係唔知亦都唔會理嘅39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaEp4DcBW6B
佢地只係知道仁慈嘅國王為佢地帶嚟幸福39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkUVR009QaC
不過呢種發展模式差唔多去到盡頭喇
39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBNFcgPCCnh
39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5Cr12DVFsW
39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbDTP0nr6lg
...待續
39Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡavcmdB18Xu
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