Disease through illness - Non-Fiction information about the Lesser Key of Solomon

The Lesser Key of Solomon, also known as Clavicula Salomonis Regis or Lemegeton, is an anonymous grimoire (or spell book) on demonology. It was compiled in the mid-17th century, mostly from materials a couple of centuries older. It is divided into five books—the Ars Goetia, Ars Theurgia-Goetia, Ars Paulina, Ars Almadel, and Ars Notoria.1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCCfRSLBiVj

Ars Goetia1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡijHaZE8HiQ
The most obvious source for the Ars Goetia is Johann Weyer's Pseudomonarchia Daemonum in his De praestigiis daemonum. Weyer does not cite, and is unaware of, any other books in the Lemegeton, indicating that the Lemegeton was derived from his work, not the other way around. The order of the spirits was changed between the two, four additional spirits were added to the later work, and one spirit (Pruflas) was omitted. The omission of Pruflas, a mistake that also occurs in an edition of Pseudomonarchia Daemonum cited in Reginald Scot's The Discoverie of Witchcraft, indicates that the Ars Goetia could not have been compiled before 1570. Indeed, it appears that the Ars Goetia is more dependent upon Scot's translation of Weyer than Weyer's work in itself. Additionally, some material was used from Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa's Three Books of Occult Philosophy, the Heptameron by pseudo-Pietro d'Abano, and the Magical Calendar.

Weyer's Officium Spirituum, which is likely related to a 1583 manuscript titled The Office of Spirits, appears to have ultimately been an elaboration on a 15th-century manuscript titled Le Livre des Esperitz (of which 30 of its 47 spirits are nearly identical to spirits in the Ars Goetia).

In a slightly later copy made by Thomas Rudd, this portion was labelled "Liber Malorum Spirituum seu Goetia", and the seals and demons were paired with those of the 72 angels of the Shemhamphorasch, who were intended to protect the conjurer and control the demons he summoned. The angelic names and seals were derived from a manuscript by Blaise de Vigenère, whose papers were also used by Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers in his works for the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn. Rudd may have derived his copy of Liber Malorum Spirituum from a now-lost work by Johannes Trithemius, who taught Agrippa, who in turn taught Weyer.

This portion of the work was later translated by S. L. MacGregor Mathers and published by Aleister Crowley under the title The Book of the Goetia of Solomon the King. Crowley added some additional invocations previously unrelated to the original work, as well as essays describing the rituals as psychological exploration instead of demon summoning.1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡt6iseZL8sQ

The Seventy-Two Demons

The demons' names (given below) are taken from the Ars Goetia, which differs in terms of number and ranking from the Pseudomonarchia Daemonum of Weyer. As a result of multiple translations, there are multiple spellings for some of the names, which are given in the articles concerning them.

1) King Bael1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWFkPzM9bvv
2) Duke Agares1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡExaCaVvYOw
3) Prince Vassago1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbkWCQQ8z0I
4) Marquis Samigina1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlEsaFQMuoQ
5) President Marbas1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHmgIRg9o5a
6) Duke Valefor1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNU1J2GeLHx
7) Marquis Amon1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPj2CtSucjp
8) Duke Barbatos1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbk8stclqL9
9) King Paimon1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJNybwgJnAT
10) President Buer1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxUaLlOVenw
11) Duke Gusion1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxwlrIOFffl
12) Prince Sitri1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGOZmQWm9AC
13) King Beleth1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCnykEubN76
14) Marquis Leraje1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5po9I3ZSMe
15) Duke Eligos1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4kcFuNEIrg
16) Duke Zepar1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxhIsugkxuL
17) Count/President Botis1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9E46pGxYUa
18) Duke Bathin1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡppICGockz7
19) Duke Sallos1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9JLhW9CDJE
20) King Purson1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡIJxGcr4N9S
21) Count/President Marax1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkQU7PQ8i3H
22) Count/Prince Ipos1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5Irqwz0pAM
23) Duke Aim1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlKCO6JODhP
24) Marquis Naberius1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡvQXFdUDXna
25) Count/President Glasya-Labolas1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡu562m99Dbi
26) Duke Buné1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡGUTwF0QpiZ
27) Marquis/Count Ronové1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeAPL1hZ7t2
28) Duke Berith1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8DplRCSUIR
29) Duke Astaroth1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAVsKJd8hon
30) Marquis Forneus1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1uS9vzJbyM
31) President Foras1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡu8hHU77Hm7
32) King Asmoday1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡloxnCkUwtv
33) Prince/President Gäap1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ75dsZQTBhT
34) Count Furfur1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmiUR79AA29
35) Marquis Marchosias1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKP1fHuNqVL
36) Prince Stolas1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhGpkk1KK88
37) Marquis Phenex1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7KNnklINPp
38) Count Halphas1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡS1r9Ult6H4
39) President Malphas1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzd46g3l15J
40) Count Räum1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡojqgxz0HBl
41) Duke Focalor1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUfJaXo9l4H
42) Duke Vepar1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQEARW5MHXg
43) Marquis Sabnock1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ1sDbfIJhjG
44) Marquis Shax1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4A1Dbp80HL
45) King/Count Viné1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡnBOFaPYYp1
46) Count Bifrons1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqMqIDXwV7Z
47) Duke Vual1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4RrwZcXEY8
48) President Haagenti1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ58V62sSYiQ
49) Duke Crocell1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡyVZa0tayAi
50) Knight Furcas1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxdtgZYuZDX
51) King Balam1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡs6eXTcnKSm
52) Duke Alloces1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKqiWLoUyry
53) President Caim1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAiGmAvWBH1
54) Duke/Count Murmur1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡV2q42SU7O0
55) Prince Orobas1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡe9GFew4XqT
56) Duke Gremory1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡav5peN6Fzq
57) President Ose1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZM1o6GBlSu
58) President Amy1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6NNRQspy90
59) Marquis Orias1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0wgXlkDeGB
60) Duke Vapula1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡV2tcRrC6G3
61) King/President Zagan1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQMw2rRtrRI
62) President Valac1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXNPn8iiEiX
63) Marquis Andras1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPfdPcwgXe2
64) Duke Flauros1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBvDFVhR0W6
65) Marquis Andrealphus1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbzlunSQ468
66) Marquis Kimaris1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNCm3VAPtFS
67) Duke Amdusias1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ84nr9Seran
68) King Belial1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0DSjrgcs5O
69) Marquis Decarabia1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeOys2AcbyI
70) Prince Seere1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlnUYEQ0uQL
71) Duke Dantalion1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡJFce7WpG6c
72) Count Andromalius

The demons are described as being commanded by four kings of the cardinal directions: Amaymon (East), Corson (West), Ziminiar (North), and Gaap (South). A footnote in one variant edition instead lists them as Oriens or Uriens, Paymon or Paymonia, Ariton or Egyn, and Amaymon or Amaimon, alternatively known as Samael, Azazel, Azael, and Mahazael (purportedly their preferred rabbinic names).[10] Agrippa's Occult Philosophy lists the kings of the cardinal directions as Urieus (East), Amaymon (South), Paymon (West), and Egin (North); again providing the alternate names Samuel (i.e. Samael), Azazel, Azael, and Mahazuel. The Magical Calendar lists them as Bael, Moymon, Poymon, and Egin, though Peterson notes that some variant editions instead list '"Asmodel in the East, Amaymon in the South, Paymon in the West, and Aegym in the North"; "Oriens, Paymon, Egyn, and Amaymon"; or "Amodeo [sic] (king of the East), Paymon (king of the West), Egion (king of the North), and Maimon."1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWolkrAABFn

Ars Theurgia Goetia1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4Cd8fpqrG1

The Ars Theurgia Goetia mostly derives from Trithemius's Steganographia, though the seals and order for the spirits are different due to corrupted transmission via manuscript. Rituals not found in Steganographia were added, in some ways conflicting with similar rituals found in the Ars Goetia and Ars Paulina. Most of the spirits summoned are tied to points on a compass, four Emperors tied to the cardinal points (Carnesiel in the East, Amenadiel in the West, Demoriel in the North and Caspiel in the South), sixteen Dukes tied to cardinal points, inter-cardinal points, additional directions between those. There are an additional eleven Wandering Princes, totaling thirty one spirit leaders who each rule several to a few dozen spirits.1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmxqLdQXRWw

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Ars Paulina1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKN5QlxalXC

Derived from book two of Trithemius's Steganographia and from portions of the Heptameron, but purportedly delivered by Paul the Apostle instead of (as claimed by Trithemius) Raziel. Elements from The Magical Calendar, astrological seals by Robert Turner's 1656 translation of Paracelsus's Archidoxes of Magic, and repeated mentions of guns and the year 1641 indicate that this portion was written in the later half of the seventeenth century. Traditions of Paul communicating with heavenly powers are almost as old as Christianity itself, as seen in some interpretations of 2 Corinthians 12:2-4 and the apocryphal Apocalypse of Paul. The Ars Paulina is in turn divided into two books, the first detailing twenty-four angels aligned with the twenty-four hours of the day, the second (derived more from the Heptameron) detailing the 360 spirits of the degrees of the zodiac.1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡefD7AcqN4r

Ars Almadel1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmJN3p4iQhB

Mentioned by Trithemius and Weyer, the latter of whom claimed an Arabic origin for the work. A 15th-century copy is attested to by Robert Turner, and Hebrew copies were discovered in the 20th century. The Ars Almadel instructs the magician on how to create a wax tablet with specific designs intended to contact angels via scrying.1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡUfDcMfbaxT

Ars Notoria1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡynu37M27lm
The oldest known portion of the Lemegeton, the Ars Notoria (or Notory Art) was first mentioned by Michael Scot in 1236 (and thus was written earlier). The Ars Notoria contains a series of prayers (related to those in The Sworn Book of Honorius) intended to grant eidetic memory and instantaneous learning to the magician. Some copies and editions of the Lemegeton omit this work entirely; A. E. Waite ignores it completely when describing the Lemegeton. It is also known as the Ars Nova.1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDLxymXoTvB
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It has also been said to be the origin of Pandora's box and where the seven deadly sins were born.

1 Gula (gluttony)1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡl8vN8eEdir
2 Luxuria (lust, fornication)1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡOmNnUmgqRF
3 Avaritia (avarice/greed)1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmiXpcgq4nG
4 Superbia (pride, hubris)1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡM1ktAwzGe0
5 Invidia (Envy)1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡB5Bq8pPZEu
6 Ira (wrath)1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡmgG2XxsypT
7 Acedia (sloth)1115Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBnh3xGpxcq

If you look any further into it, beware your surrounding... You will uncover, the truth.

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