Disease through illness - Non-Fiction information about the Lesser Key of Solomon

The Lesser Key of Solomon, also known as Clavicula Salomonis Regis or Lemegeton, is an anonymous grimoire (or spell book) on demonology. It was compiled in the mid-17th century, mostly from materials a couple of centuries older. It is divided into five books—the Ars Goetia, Ars Theurgia-Goetia, Ars Paulina, Ars Almadel, and Ars Notoria.1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkW0uNsWydk

Ars Goetia1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡiIBFzT59QK
The most obvious source for the Ars Goetia is Johann Weyer's Pseudomonarchia Daemonum in his De praestigiis daemonum. Weyer does not cite, and is unaware of, any other books in the Lemegeton, indicating that the Lemegeton was derived from his work, not the other way around. The order of the spirits was changed between the two, four additional spirits were added to the later work, and one spirit (Pruflas) was omitted. The omission of Pruflas, a mistake that also occurs in an edition of Pseudomonarchia Daemonum cited in Reginald Scot's The Discoverie of Witchcraft, indicates that the Ars Goetia could not have been compiled before 1570. Indeed, it appears that the Ars Goetia is more dependent upon Scot's translation of Weyer than Weyer's work in itself. Additionally, some material was used from Heinrich Cornelius Agrippa's Three Books of Occult Philosophy, the Heptameron by pseudo-Pietro d'Abano, and the Magical Calendar.

Weyer's Officium Spirituum, which is likely related to a 1583 manuscript titled The Office of Spirits, appears to have ultimately been an elaboration on a 15th-century manuscript titled Le Livre des Esperitz (of which 30 of its 47 spirits are nearly identical to spirits in the Ars Goetia).

In a slightly later copy made by Thomas Rudd, this portion was labelled "Liber Malorum Spirituum seu Goetia", and the seals and demons were paired with those of the 72 angels of the Shemhamphorasch, who were intended to protect the conjurer and control the demons he summoned. The angelic names and seals were derived from a manuscript by Blaise de Vigenère, whose papers were also used by Samuel Liddell MacGregor Mathers in his works for the Hermetic Order of the Golden Dawn. Rudd may have derived his copy of Liber Malorum Spirituum from a now-lost work by Johannes Trithemius, who taught Agrippa, who in turn taught Weyer.

This portion of the work was later translated by S. L. MacGregor Mathers and published by Aleister Crowley under the title The Book of the Goetia of Solomon the King. Crowley added some additional invocations previously unrelated to the original work, as well as essays describing the rituals as psychological exploration instead of demon summoning.1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEe1iULJBLs

The Seventy-Two Demons

The demons' names (given below) are taken from the Ars Goetia, which differs in terms of number and ranking from the Pseudomonarchia Daemonum of Weyer. As a result of multiple translations, there are multiple spellings for some of the names, which are given in the articles concerning them.

1) King Bael1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡhS7aSc6fUM
2) Duke Agares1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWObavZj0A6
3) Prince Vassago1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkLyPjLZhYs
4) Marquis Samigina1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQTNx51WaXS
5) President Marbas1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLCxjPqJzma
6) Duke Valefor1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡgBGKigmJt1
7) Marquis Amon1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLgNNUcEegC
8) Duke Barbatos1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡFHGFT8yUYp
9) King Paimon1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡZAZny1hy8p
10) President Buer1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzR1DIJ4bxH
11) Duke Gusion1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡc42VFFhVt6
12) Prince Sitri1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡeX0F1ZiVnf
13) King Beleth1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbEVxcbSErK
14) Marquis Leraje1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbVpdh04QkT
15) Duke Eligos1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlzokcJracJ
16) Duke Zepar1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡAVx7gtBtvW
17) Count/President Botis1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBAjzy1sU7P
18) Duke Bathin1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5Blak2MPAZ
19) Duke Sallos1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡH5Gn7p7YJw
20) King Purson1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8gDktfQRE6
21) Count/President Marax1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡj7Te9KZkkg
22) Count/Prince Ipos1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9ndVF9Jxmz
23) Duke Aim1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡN37LyMDuEi
24) Marquis Naberius1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVlgLiHAfzJ
25) Count/President Glasya-Labolas1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtP95WuLyyP
26) Duke Buné1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡNQUP3zQW76
27) Marquis/Count Ronové1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0W9CVvnZqs
28) Duke Berith1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ21z9o08Zql
29) Duke Astaroth1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡR7XLrTEifg
30) Marquis Forneus1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlyv2yaG3vQ
31) President Foras1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡaQA8rnoe5O
32) King Asmoday1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡLSkUjKKEP4
33) Prince/President Gäap1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡXWzShGKp1l
34) Count Furfur1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡRWho8rrB9O
35) Marquis Marchosias1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡQ07HTs5j2N
36) Prince Stolas1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ4kfaxuy6YW
37) Marquis Phenex1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7W2gwrVoB0
38) Count Halphas1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡHcVEtt7362
39) President Malphas1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡsd8cLG0pek
40) Count Räum1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPGs6lRfqOF
41) Duke Focalor1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡtXSorVh76p
42) Duke Vepar1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxwx1kfaWXk
43) Marquis Sabnock1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡMudOpz0H34
44) Marquis Shax1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡWwBERZkNex
45) King/Count Viné1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡcSWHXmz6qu
46) Count Bifrons1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCVO5XWANOB
47) Duke Vual1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrsrhlkSxCt
48) President Haagenti1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡEqwgQtEu5l
49) Duke Crocell1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡm4Dn7KbTbg
50) Knight Furcas1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡPRCeMJh77T
51) King Balam1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0PqIYn7BQu
52) Duke Alloces1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡkiu5wfQgz3
53) President Caim1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡCpiL1jJqJr
54) Duke/Count Murmur1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ32y04s6xJ6
55) Prince Orobas1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqly4nMBmpe
56) Duke Gremory1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ6blv86kG6J
57) President Ose1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡKah844yoMn
58) President Amy1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡR4vS7fqvQz
59) Marquis Orias1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8b4AvWVWBt
60) Duke Vapula1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ3HtN0Kk7uo
61) King/President Zagan1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡenfz3uBtuN
62) President Valac1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5c30nthdi6
63) Marquis Andras1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqq56bU25z7
64) Duke Flauros1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡborbAsGC4m
65) Marquis Andrealphus1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9exwRq6xaS
66) Marquis Kimaris1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbOMAgKmTyi
67) Duke Amdusias1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡpcZYbINv02
68) King Belial1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ9kvY6VlEDh
69) Marquis Decarabia1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxJ5CXfyCZO
70) Prince Seere1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡbalNuRia8f
71) Duke Dantalion1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ7wgwatWYbU
72) Count Andromalius

The demons are described as being commanded by four kings of the cardinal directions: Amaymon (East), Corson (West), Ziminiar (North), and Gaap (South). A footnote in one variant edition instead lists them as Oriens or Uriens, Paymon or Paymonia, Ariton or Egyn, and Amaymon or Amaimon, alternatively known as Samael, Azazel, Azael, and Mahazael (purportedly their preferred rabbinic names).[10] Agrippa's Occult Philosophy lists the kings of the cardinal directions as Urieus (East), Amaymon (South), Paymon (West), and Egin (North); again providing the alternate names Samuel (i.e. Samael), Azazel, Azael, and Mahazuel. The Magical Calendar lists them as Bael, Moymon, Poymon, and Egin, though Peterson notes that some variant editions instead list '"Asmodel in the East, Amaymon in the South, Paymon in the West, and Aegym in the North"; "Oriens, Paymon, Egyn, and Amaymon"; or "Amodeo [sic] (king of the East), Paymon (king of the West), Egion (king of the North), and Maimon."1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡqGrz21F0v8

Ars Theurgia Goetia1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ8lF0Zy2lEa

The Ars Theurgia Goetia mostly derives from Trithemius's Steganographia, though the seals and order for the spirits are different due to corrupted transmission via manuscript. Rituals not found in Steganographia were added, in some ways conflicting with similar rituals found in the Ars Goetia and Ars Paulina. Most of the spirits summoned are tied to points on a compass, four Emperors tied to the cardinal points (Carnesiel in the East, Amenadiel in the West, Demoriel in the North and Caspiel in the South), sixteen Dukes tied to cardinal points, inter-cardinal points, additional directions between those. There are an additional eleven Wandering Princes, totaling thirty one spirit leaders who each rule several to a few dozen spirits.1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡVQxLbsUyA7

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Ars Paulina1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡzsUzxVCS4h

Derived from book two of Trithemius's Steganographia and from portions of the Heptameron, but purportedly delivered by Paul the Apostle instead of (as claimed by Trithemius) Raziel. Elements from The Magical Calendar, astrological seals by Robert Turner's 1656 translation of Paracelsus's Archidoxes of Magic, and repeated mentions of guns and the year 1641 indicate that this portion was written in the later half of the seventeenth century. Traditions of Paul communicating with heavenly powers are almost as old as Christianity itself, as seen in some interpretations of 2 Corinthians 12:2-4 and the apocryphal Apocalypse of Paul. The Ars Paulina is in turn divided into two books, the first detailing twenty-four angels aligned with the twenty-four hours of the day, the second (derived more from the Heptameron) detailing the 360 spirits of the degrees of the zodiac.1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡidr87hfglM

Ars Almadel1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡrKNdDI7opL

Mentioned by Trithemius and Weyer, the latter of whom claimed an Arabic origin for the work. A 15th-century copy is attested to by Robert Turner, and Hebrew copies were discovered in the 20th century. The Ars Almadel instructs the magician on how to create a wax tablet with specific designs intended to contact angels via scrying.1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡxQ12eF5Ym1

Ars Notoria1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDec3GbrQJx
The oldest known portion of the Lemegeton, the Ars Notoria (or Notory Art) was first mentioned by Michael Scot in 1236 (and thus was written earlier). The Ars Notoria contains a series of prayers (related to those in The Sworn Book of Honorius) intended to grant eidetic memory and instantaneous learning to the magician. Some copies and editions of the Lemegeton omit this work entirely; A. E. Waite ignores it completely when describing the Lemegeton. It is also known as the Ars Nova.1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ5Hwxd9MDMy
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It has also been said to be the origin of Pandora's box and where the seven deadly sins were born.

1 Gula (gluttony)1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡBdGkpGuEPP
2 Luxuria (lust, fornication)1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡe6Mp4NUMez
3 Avaritia (avarice/greed)1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡDXOXOFwDwz
4 Superbia (pride, hubris)1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡ0NcdrF4y8G
5 Invidia (Envy)1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡX8jXeJ3l4G
6 Ira (wrath)1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡTG3oSlPhH6
7 Acedia (sloth)1174Please respect copyright.ＰＥＮＡＮＡlT6AZ9slEM

If you look any further into it, beware your surrounding... You will uncover, the truth.

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